跳至主要内容

我的政治學建議簡介

我的政治學建議簡介,都是我原創的,方便簡單了解一些,而不用一下子看太多,以下是我挑選部分非常簡要的內容:



1.改進投票制度

①讓判斷更專業,從而更優秀

對於人文(人類文化中的先進部分和核心部分)領域的專業人員,提高他們的投票占比數,以增加判斷的優秀性,我認為需要提高歷史學、經濟學、哲學、政治學、心理學這些專業人士的投票占比數。



舉一個易懂而未必恰當的例子————在古代有100個人,裡面的80個是不認識字的人,其餘20個是知識分子,這樣的話就需要提高知識分子的投票占比數,對於最終的投票出來的判斷的優秀性,是比100個人都是1個人算1票,優秀的程度更高的。



而那80個不認識字的人,可以通過自己的努力,成為知識分子。如果他們不想努力,那麼也可以拿著1票去維護自己的合理權利。



②現在多數公民制度變為權力平衡制度

公民可以不完整但便於理解的簡單理解為有投票權的國人們,多數國家如美國、歐洲國家、日本、南韓是多數公民制,這個制度仍然會像寡頭制度和皇權制度那樣導致權力、權利失衡,證據以現代最常見的情況為例,如雇主只有一張選票,而他的全公司五個僱員有五張選票,五張選票對一張選票具有碾壓的優勢,選票決定政策,“屁股決定腦袋”,這樣就導致政府的政策過度的偏向掌握了絕對多數票的僱員,導致企業成本不合理的增加,導致幾乎所有能在海外設立分支的雇主轉到非多數公民制的國家,如中國開廠以降低成本,如著名的如蘋果公司。



有許多地方的獨裁政府上台,後來被多數公民制推翻,但是後來的人對比發現獨裁政府反而經濟更好,然後後來有時候軍人看不下去經濟差,又是一個獨裁政府上台了,就是這個原因。其實在古代也是故此,歐洲工業革命之前,皇權制的國家經濟並不比多數公民制的國家差,古代中國也曾經經濟排到全球第一,中國的清朝政府和日本政府“甲午戰爭”開戰前,清朝政府的GDP全球第二名,是日本政府的五倍。



需要把不平衡的雙方的投票權變成1:1的比例,此方法雖然有僱員會不高興,但是只有此一方法,別無其它方法,有了此法後雇主才會在本國多開企業,增加就業機會,對僱員實際上是更有利的,否則高工資雇主反而不開,造成更多的失業。失業人數多是社會發生暴動“改朝換代”的最常見原因。





2.優化教育制度

讓學校入學免費,這樣每個人無論多大年齡,只要他肯學,都能去接受到一定水準之上的教育。然後學生出來後的工資超過一個數值後,從工資中拿一部分返還給學校,比如小學1%,大學4%,這樣學校教知識就更有動力,會去發掘教出更有實用價值的知識。



如果學生犯罪了,法院判處罪名成立了,就扣除學校的一部分收入,這樣學校也會注重個人道德的教育。



加上評價制度等製度限製過多的學生擠名校的狀況。





3.優化醫療制度

①利用分成降低專利藥物價格貴的問題

新藥有專利保護,創造其的醫藥公司需要在比較短的專利期內賺回成本和利潤,所以導致專利藥非常的貴。



可以用產品股份制的方式,一開始就是要求公開成果,所有正規的藥廠都能生產,這樣就達到互相良性競爭(我更願意稱之為比賽)來降低藥價的效果,產品的利潤按比例分成給創造其的醫藥公司。



財產低連這樣藥費的患者採取長期還款的方法。



②多權分立

現代政治上多權分立是重要的基石,立法權;解釋、審判權;執行法權;媒體報導權不是同一方。醫療機構實現了醫藥分離,是個進步,但是醫生的治療越花錢,其所在醫院越收益,這樣就容易導致醫生用貴的或多餘的治療方案,所以這裡也可以讓治療費用與醫生的工資不直接關聯。建立評價體系,術後患者方的評價與醫生的工資掛鉤。



③多獎勵捐獻器官

在各國都有病人的器官因為各種原因壞掉了,需要移植一個好的器官,而移植源在各國都是嚴重不足的,目前的科技水平不能做到製造大部分的器官,所以解決辦法只有要求符合移植條件的快去世的人(如車禍者)移植。可以事先大家簽約,如果不肯移植,這些人需要為該項目捐獻一筆費用,如果肯移植,會得到某種獎勵。





4.建立評價體系

如果看官在網上一些購物平台買過東西可以接觸到買到商品使用後,可以給出好、中或差評,並寫出是為什麼這樣評價,這樣的評價體係政府也可以做或者更大力的推動民間機構參與進來做,把這個評價體系應用於更多的商業活動和政府活動,比如一個消費者去了一家餐館,發現衛生差,或者一個僱員去一個公司,發現公司對員工不好(美國也有推薦信,是管理者對於僱員的評價),就可以去一個指定的平台上評價對方。



之所以目前的評價體係不足夠,以電子商務最發達的中國為例,現在的有的淘寶網的店,尤其是天貓商城的、拼多多平台的,為了維護自己的良好形象,很難看到中評和差評,還有有刷評價的現象,體現為商家購買評價,對五星好評(最高的好評)者給予資金,或者直接花錢給別人去假裝買自己的商品然後五星好評,這樣出來的評價就大大減低了這個評價體系的作用了。甚至商家可以下架評價不好的商品,把商品上架成為沒有評價的新商品。



這個評價可以給個短期好評和長期好評,比如消費者購買了一個冰箱,長期使用還是好的,或者出了問題廠家好好的解決了,消費者就能給出長期評價。



這樣大家就會更注重長期服務,而減少短期的個人利益。





5.優化經濟模式

①優化稅收結構

社會財富的增加,最主要來自於企業的經濟發展,企業是最會進行財富增值的,稅收主要來自企業,稅收不足會導致政府無法運行,既而產生連鎖反應。政府由於權力大,容易對企業多收稅,多干預,“羅斯福新政”被做為最多的一個政府乾預經濟收益高的案例,但經濟學家認為是相反的(見羅振《宇羅輯思維》/83期節目《他真的拯救了美國?》https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNzQ4OTQxMDQ4.html 。裡面引用的是經濟學家的資料)。



所以需要有意識的在合理對企業少收稅,讓財富在商界增值。



一些國家已經有了奢侈品稅,商品常常有低端、中端、高端,高端的部分往往是奢侈品,或者是購買者最願意承受的部分。還有被世界衛生組織定為一類致癌物的煙、酒、檳榔等商品(我的文章裡有官方鏈接),是收稅的好地方。鹽、油、糖是必需品,但人吃多了會有害處,在不愁吃的地方,高鹽、油、糖、辣的食品也可以通過多收稅來抑制其被使用。



對於容易引起心理不健康、成癮的產業,如賭博、色情表演,還有暴力類作品,既然在有的地方不能禁止,就把它變成一個增加稅收的地方,再不濟的話就在娛樂產業上增加稅收,在這些地方加稅,大大的好過給科技企業加稅。



②鼓勵創立企業

社會財富的增長,最主要來自於企業,人們的幸福感、社會的治安穩定也和就業人口息息相關,更多的五花八門的企業帶來更多的就業崗位,“物以稀為貴”,更多的雇主帶來更高的僱員工資(供需關係)。所以我們可以鼓勵人們創立企業,讓每一個到達一定的工作年齡的人都可以得到一筆用於創業的資金創業,這個人越晚拿,這筆錢越多(因為工作經驗越久,創業成功率越高),而且這樣能讓僱員體會到當雇主的不容易。



③多轉變官營機構為民營機構

我在《為什麼企業不是都是公營好? 》論證為什麼民營機構好於官營機構,因此工程建設、承辦項目(包括奧運會)、學校、消防隊、監獄等機構可以向民營的方向轉變。以體育比賽為例,政府做好裁判的角色,讓各路民營企業家在賽場上把球踢好。政府抓指標(包括評價)而不直接經營。



④鼓勵失業者就業

失業人數多是社會發生暴動“改朝換代”的最常見原因。通常情況下,長期失業者是缺乏工作經驗和習慣工作的心理,對於失業者可以要求企業平攤招收一定的人數進行工作和培訓,政府對該企業減稅和給予兩者補貼,讓失業者獲得工作經驗和心理脫敏。





6.推廣太陽能和風能

現在主要的電力來源來自燃燒火力發電,燃燒火力發電有全球變暖的問題(見《美國科學院255名院士發表制止全球變暖的聲明》),減少燃燒火力發電能減低溫室效應。人類的人口數可以無限增多,而能源不能無限的增多,所以需要節約能源。



而核電有核廢料產生。所以可以多推廣污染低的發電方式,如太陽能和風能。



可以鼓勵新建的房子舖設太陽能板,房頂風力足夠的話可以建立風能發電。



汽車常常在路上,經過核算有收益的話,也可以要求新車車頂加裝太陽能板,或者對加裝的給予獎勵,對不裝的增加稅收,鼓勵加裝。





7.補充容易缺乏的營養素

預防遠勝於治療。人缺碘會造成甲狀腺腫和克汀病,碘是人容易缺乏的營養素,各國政府把碘加入食鹽以後,解決了缺碘的現象。而人除了碘,還有一些必須的營養素是容易缺乏的,有維生素A、B1、B2、B6、B12,鈣、鋅、鐵,牛磺酸、葉黃素,女性懷孕期的葉酸(煮熟的食物難以有葉酸,既然女性懷孕容易缺,不如平時大家也補充)等。



有的人認為各種食物都吃就行,其實不然,人每一噸飯吃食物的量總體看是固定的,不可能什麼都吃,所以吃就要有故意吃缺乏的營養素的意識。而且有些營養素高溫容易損失的,又不在水果之類的生吃食物裡面,多吃食物也難以補充。



政府可以用合理的成本,用統計學檢測統計人群中這些營養的缺乏比例,給出建議的食物和藥物補充方案,甚至是把容易缺乏的這些藥免費額度發給個人,比如多數維生素B12是三元,人們可以到藥店免費拿三元的維生素B12,如果人們喜歡買更貴的別的牌子的維生素B12,可以自行選擇,付款時一個減三元。食物方案接受的人多,而藥物方案適合沒條件天天吃這樣食物的人。





8.普及先天性格學

人基本有男、女兩種性別,兩者體內的基因、化學物質導致兩種有不同的表現,而人先天還有四大類共十二種這樣的不同,這種不同這裡稱之為“性格”,其導致有四大類共十二種這樣不同性格的人,他們會有不同的思維、行為傾向。



這些不同就像雙刃劍,有好與不好。據調查離婚第一常見的原因是“性格不合”。人們學習先天性格學(見《先天性格學》),能使用人們更加進步。





9.普及左、右側思維學

人的很多思維可以分為左、右側兩種(見《左側、右側學》),男性容易有左側思維,女性容易有右側思維,但是具體到不同的條件會表現出不同的思維,這些思維也帶給人類社會或個人很多的收益,也有很多的災難,了解它們具體是怎樣的,能使用人們更加進步。





10.普及良知心學

這裡的心學指中國明朝人陸九淵創立,王陽明大成的學問,更準確的叫良知學,這個學問是我見過的最好的哲學,我把這個學問的做了幾個重要的完善,適合成為人們最好的信仰。





請需要者找我做顧問。



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(translation)


Introduction to my political science advice



My brief introductions to political science are all original and easy to understand, without having to read too much at once. The following is a very brief part of my selection:







1. Improve the voting system



①Make the judgment more professional and thus better



For professionals in the field of humanities (advanced part and core part of human culture), increase their percentage of voting to increase the excellence of judgment, I think it is necessary to improve history, economics, philosophy, political science, psychology The percentage of votes by these professionals.







Take an easy-to-understand but not necessarily appropriate example-in ancient times, there were 100 people, 80 of them were people who did not know the word, and the remaining 20 were intellectuals. In this case, the percentage of intellectuals ’votes needs to be increased. The judgement of the final vote is superior to 100 people, and 1 person counts 1 vote, and the degree of excellence is higher.







The 80 people who do not know the characters can become intellectuals through their own efforts. If they do not want to work hard, they can also hold 1 vote to defend their reasonable rights.







②Now the majority citizen system has become a power balance system



Citizens can be incomplete but easy to understand simply as citizens who have the right to vote. Most countries such as the United States, European countries, Japan, and South Korea are majority citizens. This system will still cause power and rights imbalances like the oligarchy system and the imperial system. The evidence takes the most common situation in modern times as an example. For example, an employer has only one ballot, and five employees of his company have five votes. Five votes have a crushing advantage over one ballot. The ballot determines the policy, "Ass "Decide on the head", which leads to excessive government policy bias towards employees who have an absolute majority of votes, resulting in unreasonable increases in business costs, and almost all employers who can set up branches overseas to non-majority citizens, such as China Open factories to reduce costs, such as famous companies such as Apple.







In many places, the dictatorship came to power and was later overthrown by the majority citizenship system, but later people found that the dictatorship was better economically, and then later the military sometimes looked down on the poor economy, and another dictatorship came to power. That ’s why . In fact, this was also the reason in ancient times. Before the European Industrial Revolution, the economy of the imperial system was no worse than that of most civil systems. In ancient China, the economy ranked first in the world. Before the war of the Sino-Japanese War between the Chinese Qing government and the Japanese government, The Qing government ’s GDP ranked second in the world, five times that of the Japanese government.







It is necessary to change the unbalanced voting rights of the two parties to a 1: 1 ratio. Although some employees will be unhappy in this method, only this method and no other method will allow employers to open more enterprises in their country. Increasing employment opportunities is actually more beneficial to employees, otherwise high-wage employers will not open, causing more unemployment. The large number of unemployed people is the most common reason for social riots to "change the dynasty".











2. Optimize the education system



School admission is free, so that everyone, regardless of age, can receive education above a certain level as long as he is willing to learn. Then after the student ’s salary exceeds a certain value, a portion of the salary is returned to the school, such as 1% in elementary school and 4% in university. This way, the school is more motivated to teach knowledge and will discover and teach more practical value knowledge.







If the student commits a crime, the court found the conviction established, and a portion of the school ’s income will be deducted, so that the school will also focus on personal moral education.







In addition, the evaluation system and other systems restrict the situation of too many students crowding into prestigious schools.











3. Optimize the medical system



① The problem of using shares to reduce the price of patented drugs is expensive



New medicines are protected by patents, and the pharmaceutical companies that create them need to recoup costs and profits within a relatively short patent period, so patent medicines are very expensive.







The product share system can be used. From the beginning, it is required to disclose the results. All regular pharmaceutical factories can produce it. This will achieve the effect of benign competition (I prefer to call it a competition) to reduce the price of medicines. Divided to the pharmaceutical company that created it.







The patients with low property and such medicine costs take a long-term repayment method.







② Separation of multiple powers



In modern politics, the separation of multiple powers is an important cornerstone. The power of legislation; the power of interpretation and adjudication; the power of law enforcement; the power of media reporting is not the same party. It is an advancement for medical institutions to achieve separation of medicines, but the more money doctors spend on treatment, the more profitable the hospital they are in. This can easily lead doctors to use expensive or redundant treatment options, so here the treatment cost and the doctor ’s salary can also be kept Directly related. Establish an evaluation system, and the evaluation of the patient after the operation is linked to the salary of the doctor.







③ More rewards for organ donation



The organs of patients in various countries are damaged due to various reasons, and a good organ needs to be transplanted. The source of transplantation is seriously insufficient in various countries. The current technological level cannot manufacture most organs, so the solution is only required. Those who are dying (such as those in car accidents) who meet the transplant conditions are transplanted. You can sign a contract in advance. If you do n’t want to transplant, these people need to donate a fee to the project. If you are willing to transplant, you will get some kind of reward.











4. Establish an evaluation system



If the magistrate has bought something on some online shopping platforms and can get in touch with the purchased goods, they can give a good, medium or bad review, and write why it is so evaluated. Such an evaluation system can also be done by the government or more Promote the participation of private organizations, and apply this evaluation system to more commercial activities and government activities. For example, a consumer goes to a restaurant and finds that the hygiene is poor, or an employee goes to a company and finds that the company is not good to employees ( The United States also has a recommendation letter, which is the evaluation of managers for employees), you can go to a designated platform to evaluate each other.







The reason why the current evaluation system is inadequate. Take China, where e-commerce is the most developed, as an example. Some Taobao stores, especially those on Tmall Mall and Pinduoduo platforms, are difficult to see in order to maintain their good image. In the middle and bad reviews, there is also a phenomenon of brush evaluation, which is reflected in the purchase evaluation of the merchant, giving money to the five-star praise (the highest praise), or directly spending money on others to pretend to buy their own products and then five-star praise, so The evaluation that comes out greatly reduces the role of this evaluation system. Even merchants can remove products with bad reviews and put them into new products without evaluation.







This evaluation can give short-term and long-term praise. For example, if a consumer buys a refrigerator, it is still good for long-term use, or if the problem is solved by the manufacturer, the consumer can give a long-term evaluation.







In this way, everyone will pay more attention to long-term service and reduce short-term personal benefits.











5. Optimize the economic model



① Optimize tax structure



The increase in social wealth comes mainly from the economic development of enterprises. Enterprises are most likely to increase their wealth. Taxes mainly come from enterprises. Insufficient taxation will cause the government to fail to operate, which will have a chain reaction. Because the government has great power, it is easy to charge more taxes and more interventions to enterprises. The "Roosevelt New Deal" is regarded as the most case of government intervention with high economic returns, but economists believe that it is the opposite (see Luo Zhen's "Yu Luo Ji Thinking" "/ 83 episode" He really saved the United States? "Https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNzQ4OTQxMDQ4.html. The information quoted in this article is from economists).







Therefore, it is necessary to consciously reduce taxes on enterprises reasonably, so as to increase the value of wealth in the business community.







Some countries already have luxury goods taxes. Products often have low-end, middle-end, and high-end. The high-end parts are often luxury goods, or the parts that buyers are most willing to bear. There are also cigarettes, alcohol, betel nuts and other commodities that are classified as a carcinogen by the World Health Organization (there is an official link in my article), which is a good place to collect taxes. Salt, oil, and sugar are necessities. However, if you eat too much, it will be harmful. In places where you do n’t worry about eating, high-salt, oil, sugar, and spicy foods can also be restrained from being used by taxation.







For industries that are prone to psychological unhealth and addiction, such as gambling, pornographic performances, and violent works, since it cannot be prohibited in some places, it will be turned into a place to increase taxes, and if it is unfavorable, it will increase in the entertainment industry. Taxation, raising taxes in these places is much better than taxing technology companies.







②Encourage the establishment of enterprises



The growth of social wealth comes mainly from enterprises. People ’s well-being and the stability of society are also closely related to the employed population. More diverse companies bring more jobs, "things are rare", more Of employers bring higher employee salaries (supply-demand relationship). So we can encourage people to start a business, so that everyone who reaches a certain working age can get a fund for entrepreneurship. The later this person gets it, the more money (because the longer the work experience, the higher the success rate of entrepreneurship). High), and this allows employees to experience the difficulty of being an employer.







③ Convert more government-run institutions into private ones



I'm in "Why aren't companies good for public companies?" ”Demonstrate why private institutions are better than official ones, so institutions such as engineering construction, undertaking projects (including the Olympic Games), schools, fire brigades, prisons, etc. can be transformed into private ones. Taking sports competitions as an example, the government does a good job as a referee, allowing private entrepreneurs from all walks of life to kick the ball well. The government focuses on indicators (including evaluation) and does not operate directly.







④Encourage the unemployed to find employment



The large number of unemployed people is the most common reason for social riots to "change the dynasty". Under normal circumstances, long-term unemployed people lack work experience and habit of working. For the unemployed, they can require enterprises to recruit a certain number of people for work and training. Work experience and psychological desensitization.











6. Promote solar and wind energy



The main source of electricity now comes from burning thermal power generation, which has the problem of global warming (see "Academy of Sciences, 255 academicians issued a statement to stop global warming"), reducing burning thermal power generation can reduce the greenhouse effect. The human population can increase indefinitely, but energy cannot increase indefinitely, so energy conservation is needed.







Nuclear power generates nuclear waste. Therefore, more low-polluting power generation methods, such as solar energy and wind energy, can be promoted.







New houses can be encouraged to lay solar panels, and if the roof has sufficient wind power, wind power can be built.







Cars are often on the road. After accounting for the benefits, you can also ask for new solar panels to be installed on the roof of the new car, or give incentives for the installation, increase taxes for non-installation, and encourage installation.











7. Supplement nutrients that are easily deficient



Prevention is better than cure. Iodine deficiency can cause goiter and cretinism. Iodine is a nutrient that people are prone to lack. Governments of various countries have solved the phenomenon of iodine deficiency after adding iodine to table salt. In addition to iodine, there are some essential nutrients that are easily deficient, including vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B12, calcium, zinc, iron, taurine, lutein, and folic acid during pregnancy (cooked It is difficult to have folic acid in foods. Since women are prone to becoming pregnant, it is not as good as you usually add).







Some people think that all kinds of food can be eaten. In fact, otherwise, the amount of food eaten per ton of rice is generally fixed, and it is impossible to eat everything. Therefore, you must have the consciousness of deliberately eating the lack of nutrients. Moreover, some nutrients are easily lost due to high temperature, and they are not in raw foods such as fruits. It is difficult to supplement more foods.







The government can use statistics to detect the proportion of these nutrient deficiencies in the population by statistical analysis, give recommended food and drug supplements, and even send free allowances for these drugs that are easily deficient, such as most vitamin B12 is three People can go to the pharmacy to get three yuan of vitamin B12 free of charge. If people like to buy other brands of vitamin B12 that are more expensive, they can choose it for themselves. One minus three yuan when paying. The food plan accepts more people, and the drug plan is suitable for people who have no conditions to eat such food every day.











8. Popularize innate personality



People basically have two genders, male and female. The genes and chemicals in the two lead to different performances. There are twelve kinds of differences in human congenital. This difference is called "personality" "It leads to a total of twelve kinds of people with such different personalities in four categories, and they will have different thinking and behavioral tendencies.







These differences are like double-edged swords, there are good and bad. According to the survey, the first common cause of divorce is "dissonance." People learn innate characterology (see "Innate Characterology") and can use people to progress even more.











9. Popularize left and right thinking



Many people's thinking can be divided into left and right (see "Left and Right"). Men are more likely to have left thinking and women are more likely to have right thinking, but specific conditions will show different thinking. These thinking also It brings a lot of benefits to human society or individuals, and there are also many disasters. Understanding how they are specific can make people more progress.











10. Popularize conscience



The psychology here refers to the study of Lu Jiuyuan, a Chinese Ming dynasty, and Wang Yangming ’s Dacheng study, which is more accurately called the conscience. This study is the best philosophy I have ever seen. I have made several important improvements to this study. Suitable to be the best faith of people.





Those in need, please find me as a consultant.

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