欧洲传统指的“民”一般指的是公民,维护了公民的利益就有了统治合法性,中国说的“民”古代和现代的一般认识是指平民(没有官职的国人),主流文化上认为维护了平民的利益,就有了统治合法性。
中国的平民要是放到欧洲传统那里是属于自由民,而非要维护的公民。
平民是贵的(孟子“民为贵”),国家机关(国会和政府)是服务平民的(毛泽东“为人民服务”),如果改成这样说没问题,但是还得知道这并非是民主——让平民、公民或国人为主(我把民主可能变化的描述都包括了),否则就是民主主义制度,就会产生我说过的民主问题。这也类似于父母对待孩子,男人对待女人,父母和男人会认为孩子和女人“贵”,服务孩子和女人,但不是让孩子和女人为主。
“民主”的“民”,是一个国家里面拥有投票权的公民,而不是国民,因为有的国民没有投票权(叫(人身)自由民,但是监狱里面的犯人没有投票权没有人身自由)。
“主”有的人认为是“主权(在公民)”,有的人认为是“主人”。
“民主”的英文是Democracy,原意指人民的权力。现代变成下面的意思,就出现了偏错:
现代“民主”的“民”,是一个国家里面拥有投票权的公民,而不是国民(见卢梭的《社会契约论》),因为有的国民没有投票权(叫(人身)自由民,但是监狱里面的犯人没有投票权没有人身自由)。
“主”有两种说法,一是认为是“主权(在公民)”,有的人认为是“(公民是)主人”。
由于认为公民是平等的,所以要一人一票,选举制造成多数人为主,所以这个国家以这一批人类的利益为主,其余所有人包括外国人和所以生物的利益必然的被损害,著名案例在大航海时代的这批人损害外国本地人,现代的这批人损害企业法人。
民主主义或民主制度说政府所有权力来自人民,这个说法有问题,因为皇帝和国王也是人民,所以帝王制度也能被定义为民主。
所以表达更准确的意思应该是该国家的政府的所有权力来自于该国家的多数公民为主的投票授权,且该国的公民占据该国人口的一定规模。
我所反对的民主,即反对以民主做为最高准则,也就是民主主义制度,这种制度也是欧美日韩等国家历史上或目前所采用的制度,如果再说得细一点,就是反对原点是公民一人一票的选举制度,这种选举由追求民主和平等所产生。
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(translation)
Western people have different meanings from China
European tradition refers to "civilians" generally refers to citizens, and the protection of the interests of citizens has ruled legitimacy. The general understanding of ancient and modern Chinese refers to "civilians" refers to civilians (nationals without official positions), mainstream culture It is believed that the protection of the interests of civilians will have the legitimacy of rule.
If Chinese civilians are placed in the European tradition, they belong to free people, not citizens to be protected.
Civilians are expensive (Mencius "people are valuable"), state organs (congress and government) serve civilians (Mao Zedong "serving the people"), if you change this to say no problem, but you have to know that this is not democracy- -Let civilians, citizens, or nationals dominate (I include descriptions of possible changes in democracy), otherwise it is a democratic system, which will cause the democratic problems I have said. This is also similar to how parents treat children and men treat women. Parents and men think that children and women are "expensive" and serve children and women, but they do not let children and women dominate.
The "democratic" "people" are citizens who have the right to vote in a country, not nationals, because some nationals do not have the right to vote (called (personal) free people, but prisoners in prisons have no right to vote and no personal freedom).
Some people in the "master" think it is "sovereignty (in the citizen)", and some people think it is a "master".
"Democracy" in English is Democracy, which originally meant the power of the people. Modernity becomes the following meaning, and there is a mistake:
The "people" of modern "democracy" are citizens who have the right to vote in a country, not nationals (see Rousseau's "Social Contract Theory"), because some citizens do not have the right to vote (called (personal) free people, but prison The prisoners inside have no voting rights and no personal freedom).
"Lord" has two kinds of expressions. One is that it is "sovereignty (in the citizen)", and some people think it is "(the citizen is) the master".
Because citizens are considered equal, one person, one vote is required, and the election is made with a majority majority. Therefore, this country is dominated by the interests of this group of human beings. In this case, this group of people in the era of great navigation harmed foreign locals, and this group of people in modern times harmed corporate legal persons.
Democracy or a democratic system says that all government power comes from the people. This is problematic because the emperor and the king are also people, so the emperor system can also be defined as democracy.
So the more accurate meaning should be that all the power of the government of the country comes from the majority of the citizens of the country, the majority of the voting authorization, and the citizens of the country occupy a certain size of the country's population.
The democracy I oppose is to oppose democracy as the highest criterion, that is, a democratic system. This system is also the history or current system adopted by countries such as Europe, America, Japan, and South Korea. A one-person, one-vote electoral system, which is produced by the pursuit of democracy and equality.
中国的平民要是放到欧洲传统那里是属于自由民,而非要维护的公民。
平民是贵的(孟子“民为贵”),国家机关(国会和政府)是服务平民的(毛泽东“为人民服务”),如果改成这样说没问题,但是还得知道这并非是民主——让平民、公民或国人为主(我把民主可能变化的描述都包括了),否则就是民主主义制度,就会产生我说过的民主问题。这也类似于父母对待孩子,男人对待女人,父母和男人会认为孩子和女人“贵”,服务孩子和女人,但不是让孩子和女人为主。
“民主”的“民”,是一个国家里面拥有投票权的公民,而不是国民,因为有的国民没有投票权(叫(人身)自由民,但是监狱里面的犯人没有投票权没有人身自由)。
“主”有的人认为是“主权(在公民)”,有的人认为是“主人”。
“民主”的英文是Democracy,原意指人民的权力。现代变成下面的意思,就出现了偏错:
现代“民主”的“民”,是一个国家里面拥有投票权的公民,而不是国民(见卢梭的《社会契约论》),因为有的国民没有投票权(叫(人身)自由民,但是监狱里面的犯人没有投票权没有人身自由)。
“主”有两种说法,一是认为是“主权(在公民)”,有的人认为是“(公民是)主人”。
由于认为公民是平等的,所以要一人一票,选举制造成多数人为主,所以这个国家以这一批人类的利益为主,其余所有人包括外国人和所以生物的利益必然的被损害,著名案例在大航海时代的这批人损害外国本地人,现代的这批人损害企业法人。
民主主义或民主制度说政府所有权力来自人民,这个说法有问题,因为皇帝和国王也是人民,所以帝王制度也能被定义为民主。
所以表达更准确的意思应该是该国家的政府的所有权力来自于该国家的多数公民为主的投票授权,且该国的公民占据该国人口的一定规模。
我所反对的民主,即反对以民主做为最高准则,也就是民主主义制度,这种制度也是欧美日韩等国家历史上或目前所采用的制度,如果再说得细一点,就是反对原点是公民一人一票的选举制度,这种选举由追求民主和平等所产生。
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(translation)
Western people have different meanings from China
European tradition refers to "civilians" generally refers to citizens, and the protection of the interests of citizens has ruled legitimacy. The general understanding of ancient and modern Chinese refers to "civilians" refers to civilians (nationals without official positions), mainstream culture It is believed that the protection of the interests of civilians will have the legitimacy of rule.
If Chinese civilians are placed in the European tradition, they belong to free people, not citizens to be protected.
Civilians are expensive (Mencius "people are valuable"), state organs (congress and government) serve civilians (Mao Zedong "serving the people"), if you change this to say no problem, but you have to know that this is not democracy- -Let civilians, citizens, or nationals dominate (I include descriptions of possible changes in democracy), otherwise it is a democratic system, which will cause the democratic problems I have said. This is also similar to how parents treat children and men treat women. Parents and men think that children and women are "expensive" and serve children and women, but they do not let children and women dominate.
The "democratic" "people" are citizens who have the right to vote in a country, not nationals, because some nationals do not have the right to vote (called (personal) free people, but prisoners in prisons have no right to vote and no personal freedom).
Some people in the "master" think it is "sovereignty (in the citizen)", and some people think it is a "master".
"Democracy" in English is Democracy, which originally meant the power of the people. Modernity becomes the following meaning, and there is a mistake:
The "people" of modern "democracy" are citizens who have the right to vote in a country, not nationals (see Rousseau's "Social Contract Theory"), because some citizens do not have the right to vote (called (personal) free people, but prison The prisoners inside have no voting rights and no personal freedom).
"Lord" has two kinds of expressions. One is that it is "sovereignty (in the citizen)", and some people think it is "(the citizen is) the master".
Because citizens are considered equal, one person, one vote is required, and the election is made with a majority majority. Therefore, this country is dominated by the interests of this group of human beings. In this case, this group of people in the era of great navigation harmed foreign locals, and this group of people in modern times harmed corporate legal persons.
Democracy or a democratic system says that all government power comes from the people. This is problematic because the emperor and the king are also people, so the emperor system can also be defined as democracy.
So the more accurate meaning should be that all the power of the government of the country comes from the majority of the citizens of the country, the majority of the voting authorization, and the citizens of the country occupy a certain size of the country's population.
The democracy I oppose is to oppose democracy as the highest criterion, that is, a democratic system. This system is also the history or current system adopted by countries such as Europe, America, Japan, and South Korea. A one-person, one-vote electoral system, which is produced by the pursuit of democracy and equality.
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