（本文说的是当有一方获得权力，而对方的权力与其不对等时，就容易出现了力量不平衡，就出现了压迫、压榨）
力量不平衡，是一方力量大时，压迫另外一方。
力量不平衡，是一方力量大时，压迫另外一方。
古代全球的国家基本上可以划分为皇权制和多数公民制两种，有这两种的混合，但容易又变成这两种。
简单的说，古代皇权制是君主做决定为主，做最后的决定，如果大臣获得了实权（如司马懿），则此大臣是实际上的君主。多数公民制是人头数多的公民（公民不一定是国人里的多数人）决定政策。
不同性别时
汉朝时礼治发展到高峰，许多财富（据说三分之一）被埋入底下“供”去世的人用。后来的盗墓贼最喜欢盗的墓也是这个朝代的墓。礼治要求男女不平等，孔子说：
男女不杂坐，不同椸枷，不同巾栉，不亲授。嫂叔不通问，诸母不漱裳。外言不入于捆，内言不出于捆。男女不准坐在一起，不准用一样的器物和握手。……
男子者，任天道而長萬物者也，知可為，知不可為，知可言，知不可言，知可行，知不可行者，是故審其倫而明其別謂之知，所以效匹夫之聽也．女者，如也，子者，孳也；女子者，言如男子之教而长其义理者也。故谓之妇人。妇人，伏于人也。是故无专制之义，有三从之道——在家从父，适人从夫，夫死从子，无所敢自遂也。教令不出闺门，事在馈食之闲而正矣，是故女及日乎闺门之内，不百里而奔丧，事无独为，行无独成之道。参之而后动，可验而后言，宵行以烛，宫事必量，六畜蕃于宫中，谓之信也，所以正妇德也。男子，是担当天下大任而让万物生长的人，知道什么可做，什么不可做；知道什么可说，什么不可说；知道什么可行，什么不可行。因此审视清楚事物的类别和区别，叫做知，这就是一般男人的品德。女子，是顺从男子的教导而经常按此道理去做的人，因此没有自作主张的道理，只有三从的责任。年幼时服从父兄。出嫁后服从丈夫，丈夫死后服从儿子，没有改嫁的理由。家内的命令不由妇女发出，她们的事只是供应饮食酒菜而已。在家门外不要被人非议，不能到超过规定的地方去奔丧。事情不能擅自做主，有事不能独自出行，三思后再行动，验证后再说话。白天不在庭院中游逛，夜里走路要举着灯火。这就是一般妇女的品德。
女有五不取：逆家子者，亂家子者，世有刑人子者，有惡疾子者，喪父長子．婦有七出，三不去．七出者：不順父母出者，無子者，淫僻者，嫉妒者，惡疾者，多口舌者，竊盜者；三不去者：謂有所取無所歸，與共更三年之喪，先貧賤，後富貴。”[1]
王肃 注：“乱家子，谓其乱伦。”
（有说：逆家子者，为其逆德也；乱家子者，为其乱人伦也；世有刑人者，为其弃于人也；世有恶疾者，为其弃于天也；丧妇长子者，为其无所受命也。大罪有五：逆天地者，罪及五世；诬文武者，罪及四世；逆人伦者，罪及三世；诬鬼神者，罪及二世；杀人者，罪止其身。故大罪有五，杀人为下。）
孔子又接着说：
“有五种女子不能娶：叛逆造反家庭的女子，淫秽乱伦家庭的女子，受过刑罚家庭的女子，有不治之病家庭的女子，丧父（有说是早年丧父，那为什么不写早年？）家庭的长女。妇人有七种情况可以被休弃，三种情况不可以被休弃。七种情况是：不孝顺父母的，没有儿子的，有淫乱邪僻行为的，爱嫉妒的，有难治之病的，多口多舌的，有偷盗行为的。三种情况是：娶时有家，休弃后无家可归的，这是第一种。为公婆服过三年丧的，这是第二种。夫家先贫贱后富贵的，这是第三种。
王肃注：“乱家庭的女人，指乱伦。”
要求父母有亡脱离工作守孝三年，孔子说：
……三年之丧，天下之通丧也。[2]
易中天在《百家讲坛》说实际上母亲去世，只守孝一年，且披麻戴孝的规格更低。
《女诫》是班固的妹妹东汉人班昭的作品，是
现代“女德”班的核心教材，其用词卑贱：
现代“女德”班的核心教材，其用词卑贱：
年十有四，执箕帚于曹氏，于今四十余载矣。战战兢兢，常惧绌辱，以增父母之羞（七去或七出），以益中外之累。夙夜劬心，勤不告劳，而今而后，乃知免耳。[3]（我）从十四岁时拿着打扫工具畚箕和扫帚嫁入曹家，到现今已有四十多年了。活得战战兢兢，时常害怕有什么做得不足的地方而被婆家赶出门，并且使自己的父母为此增添羞辱，使家里家外增添忧患。早晚劳苦，辛勤而不能说劳累，现在（熬到姑、舅、丈夫全都去世了[4]）之后，知道可以免了。
在印度有大量的男女不平等现象，如嫁妆女方出，连锁导致女婴被父所害死，女性被强奸案高发，女性被泼硫酸成为风气，惩处不足。[5][6]在伊斯兰国家，有要按《古兰经》要求不能露出皮肤，但男性不用。[7]在历史上许多国家有一夫多妻制，现在也有，却几乎没有国家允许多夫制。
不同劳动关系时
雇主压迫雇员
当普选没普及时，多数公民是雇主，形成雇主压迫雇员：
近现代的欧洲的雇员人喜欢罢工，[8]而雇主难以因此开除他们（多数公民制定政策保护多数公民自己），这也是为什么西方的企业往往搬到中国的原因。
近现代的欧洲的雇员人喜欢罢工，[8]而雇主难以因此开除他们（多数公民制定政策保护多数公民自己），这也是为什么西方的企业往往搬到中国的原因。
英国
恩格斯出版的著名的《英国工人阶级状况》[9]也是写这间事情。
雇员压迫雇主
当多数人是雇员时，形成多数雇员压迫少数雇主：
美国
《谁迫害了团结》[10]
《无比强大的美国工会》[11]
《底特律破产的原因》[12]
底特律是美国老牌工业城市，被称为“世界汽车之都”，雇员压迫雇主导致雇主只得搬迁，现变成罪恶之都，底特律城市破产，其衰败状况可见《破产底特律的希望之光》[13]
德国
德国90万工人通过罢工达到加薪4.3%，工作缩短至每周28小时，加上每人每年获得400欧元补助。[14]
意大利
《意大利快递慢出天际3个月收到心怀感激三通一达要在就好了》[15]
加拿大
斗鱼夏玹月主播直播时说到加拿大经济不好，我问她加拿大的工会罢工吗？她说经常罢工。
瑞典、丹麦
《扒一扒北欧：当童话照进现实》[16]
不同财富水平时
从古至今，都是穷人是多数派，富人是少数派，在多数公民制普选后，就形成多数穷人压迫少数富人：
欧美是收高税的国家，一度达到收75%、85%、98%（英国）、102%（瑞典）的富人税来达到平等或消灭阶级差距（也违反优升劣降原则）。现在欧美的富人遗产税也很高，法国和德国对富人收八成多的税。[8]
德国
《共同体的意义》[17]
欧洲最悠闲的国家意大利、阿根廷。他们下午两点钟下班（必定是有工会或政策要求）。高福利，工作的人（应该是平均）挣一千二百欧元，不工作挣八百欧元，多数人不喜欢工作，喜欢吃喝玩乐，经济差，也对国家也失去信心。[18]
比利时
《欧洲红魔比利时:啤酒撒尿世界杯》[19]
不同民族时
全球近两百个国家，几乎每个国家都是多民族国家（包括日本），绝大部分国家的民族是一个多，其它少，在中国则约九成人是汉族。在多数公民制下，也就形成了人口多的民族压迫人口少的民族：
雅典
“雅典式民主是在公元前508年于古希腊城邦雅典（包括雅典的中心城邦及其周边的阿提卡地区）发展出的一套民主体系。雅典也因此成为最早的民主政体之一。……阿提卡的女性被认为是不完整的人，奴隶被认为是物品，不算人。
……奴隶和外乡人的数量特别不稳定。在前4世纪中，雅典的人口可能达到25万至30万左右；市民家庭的数量可能有10万人，而其中3万人为可以参与议会投票的成年男性恭珉。”[20]雅典是古希腊最民主的城邦，也不是国人就是公民。所以说民主的“民”是公民，是公民制就属于民主。
“法庭的職責是接受公民就執政官的判決所作的的上诉，……其中法官由自願者抽籤選出。”
现代的法官是专业院校出身，法院的判决可以凌驾于当时多数公民和议员的意愿，所以等于是不“民主”了，分了权。
雅典公民苏格拉底公开的反对当时古希腊最民主的雅典的民主制度，被雅典法庭以不虔誠和腐蚀雅典青年思想之罪名（原因是不相信神）判處苏格拉底死刑。
“说普罗泰格拉的不可知言论招来怒火，导致雅典人驱逐他离境，并在市场焚毁他著作的抄本（第欧根尼和西塞罗证实此事）。”[20]当时是民主制度。
古罗马
罗马帝国初期，只有约一成人天然拥有公民权。古罗马有自由民有奴隶，也不是国人就是公民。西方古代我知道的也就希腊和古罗马称之为民主了美国立国时议员说话时也是引用的这两个国家。
前90年，为了争取罗马公民权，拉丁人起义，史称同盟者战争。
德国
二战时德国的事情许多人都知道，这里列个个人的故事：
1934年，德国人奥古斯特与犹太女性伊尔克·埃克勒相识，两人随即坠入爱河，并准备在汉堡登记结婚。但就在此时，纳粹颁布了《纽伦堡法案》，该法案剥夺了犹太人的公民权，还禁止“德国人与犹太人结婚或发生婚外性行为”。[21]
1934年，德国人奥古斯特与犹太女性伊尔克·埃克勒相识，两人随即坠入爱河，并准备在汉堡登记结婚。但就在此时，纳粹颁布了《纽伦堡法案》，该法案剥夺了犹太人的公民权，还禁止“德国人与犹太人结婚或发生婚外性行为”。[21]
奥古斯特没有放弃妻子，他们继续生活在一起。两个月后，奥古斯特被捕抓，被判服刑两年半，妻子埃克勒则被拘押，两个孩子被强制送往福利院。1942年2月，其妻子伊尔克·埃克勒被带到贝恩堡安乐死中心，与其他14000多人被带到毒气室杀害。[22]
希特勒战败前也没有把所有德国企业发动起来为战争服务，德意志公民获得掠夺而来的资源有着较高的生活水平，有专家计算过如果他把企业都发动起来的话，军事生产能力（大意）还能提升一倍，苏军攻入德国后发现还有这些企业在营业感到奇怪。
西班牙
美国
美国打伊拉克“不知之不知（英语：Unknown unknown）”
联合国检查员检查不出伊拉克有大规模杀伤性武器，而2002年，美国总统小布什仍以伊拉克政府拥有大杀伤力武器，并支援恐怖份子为由打算与其开战（后开战），同年2月12日，时任国防部部长拉姆斯菲尔德被问及有关的证据时，他说：
据我们所知，有‘已知的已知’，有些事，我们知道我们知道；我们也知道，有 ‘已知的未知’，也就是说，有些事，我们现在知道我们不知道。但是，同样存在‘未知的未知’——有些事，我们不知道我们不知道。[25]
排华法案
1900年，美国旧金山劳工组织举行大规模游行，称：
（美国）正在遭受来自中国和日本廉价苦力劳工的侵袭。
他们要求国会：
重新制定排华法，增加排斥所有蒙古人种劳工的条款。[26]
之后美国政府通过《1924年移民法》，除菲律宾以外的亚裔族群都被禁止获得美国国籍。[27]而实际上这些排华的美国白人也是外来的，并未被本地的印第安人的要求所排。而且排除低价的更勤奋的劳动力，雇主也就宁愿在外地开工厂。
近现代的欧洲的雇员人喜欢罢工。[8]这也是为什么西方的企业往往搬到中国的原因。
英国、爱尔兰
英国、爱尔兰、北爱尔兰互相压迫，北爱尔兰军炸英国炸到英国连酒店内部都撤销全部的垃圾桶（法国也因为类似事件，改用特制塑料袋做垃圾桶），[28]爱尔兰和北爱尔兰相邻却互相恨之入骨，人死后安葬的墓地底下都有隔离墙，意思是死都不想见到对方。[29]
种族隔离
不同信仰时
在立法和司法和没有分开的古代，法庭能剥夺不同信仰者的性命，如：
《多数公民制下的古希腊和罗马被压迫的人们》
《多数公民制下的古希腊和罗马被压迫的人们》
不同地位时
公民压榨奴隶
“纵观古罗马发展史，奴隶作为廉价的劳动力，始终是罗马经济的主要推动力之一。通过与外国商人的奴隶贸易以及将战俘或征服地居民卖作奴隶，罗马的劳动力可以源源不断地增加。这些奴隶中有小部分被当做侍从或者佣人使唤，但大多数都被派至矿山、西西里以及意大利南部的大农场从事生产。”“根据罗马法律，奴隶只是财产，而非自然人。奴隶主对奴隶的虐待、伤害甚至杀害都不受法律限制。尽管奴隶从事的工作各不相同，但大多数奴隶都被强迫在最艰苦的农场和矿山从事严酷的体力劳动。”[20]
战俘以及从奴隶市场买来的奴隶和自愿参加的罗马公民被专业训练打斗，在角斗场打斗取悦观众，没有人身自由的人打赢数场获得人身自由的概率也很小。
罗马那时候是公民制，高级公务员是公民选举得出的。奴隶反抗比较著名的是斯巴达克斯起义。
多数公民压迫少数公民和自由人
认知圣经《多数公民制妨碍美国普选的历史》，2018年。
皇压迫臣
曹操罚不加於尊
幸姬常从昼寝，枕之卧，告之曰：“须臾觉我。”姬见太祖卧安，未即寤，及自觉，棒杀之。[30]有个曹操宠爱的姬妾常跟他一起白天睡觉，曹操枕在她的身上，跟她说：“一会儿叫醒我。”之后姬妾看见曹操睡得很安稳，没有叫醒他，曹操自然醒后用棍棒打死了这个姬妾。
行经麦中，令‘士卒无败麦，犯者死’。骑士皆下马，付麦以相持，於是太祖马腾入麦中，敕主簿议罪；主簿对以春秋之义，罚不加於尊。太祖曰：‘制法而自犯之，何以帅下？然孤为军帅，不可自杀，请自刑。’因援剑割发以置地。[30]曹操率军经过麦田，下令‘士兵不要伤害麦，侵犯者死’。于是骑兵都下马，扶着麦走，
据我们所知，有‘已知的已知’，有些事，我们知道我们知道；我们也知道，有 ‘已知的未知’，也就是说，有些事，我们现在知道我们不知道。但是，同样存在‘未知的未知’——有些事，我们不知道我们不知道。[25]
####排华法案
1900年，美国旧金山劳工组织举行大规模游行，称：
>（美国）正在遭受来自中国和日本廉价苦力劳工的侵袭。
他们要求国会：
>重新制定排华法，增加排斥所有蒙古人种劳工的条款。[26]
之后美国政府通过《1924年移民法》，除菲律宾以外的亚裔族群都被禁止获得美国国籍。[27]而实际上这些排华的美国白人也是外来的，并未被本地的印第安人的要求所排。而且排除低价的更勤奋的劳动力，雇主也就宁愿在外地开工厂。
近现代的欧洲的雇员人喜欢罢工。[8]这也是为什么西方的企业往往搬到中国的原因。
####英国、爱尔兰
英国、爱尔兰、北爱尔兰互相压迫，北爱尔兰军炸英国炸到英国连酒店内部都撤销全部的垃圾桶（法国也因为类似事件，改用特制塑料袋做垃圾桶），[28]爱尔兰和北爱尔兰相邻却互相恨之入骨，人死后安葬的墓地底下都有隔离墙，意思是死都不想见到对方。[29]
####种族隔离
见此
#不同信仰时
在立法和司法和没有分开的古代，法庭能剥夺不同信仰者的性命，如：
《多数公民制下的古希腊和罗马被压迫的人们》
#不同地位时
####公民压榨奴隶
“纵观古罗马发展史，奴隶作为廉价的劳动力，始终是罗马经济的主要推动力之一。通过与外国商人的奴隶贸易以及将战俘或征服地居民卖作奴隶，罗马的劳动力可以源源不断地增加。这些奴隶中有小部分被当做侍从或者佣人使唤，但大多数都被派至矿山、西西里以及意大利南部的大农场从事生产。”“根据罗马法律，奴隶只是财产，而非自然人。奴隶主对奴隶的虐待、伤害甚至杀害都不受法律限制。尽管奴隶从事的工作各不相同，但大多数奴隶都被强迫在最艰苦的农场和矿山从事严酷的体力劳动。”[20]
战俘以及从奴隶市场买来的奴隶和自愿参加的罗马公民被专业训练打斗，在角斗场打斗取悦观众，没有人身自由的人打赢数场获得人身自由的概率也很小。
罗马那时候是公民制，高级公务员是公民选举得出的。奴隶反抗比较著名的是斯巴达克斯起义。
####多数公民压迫少数公民和自由人
认知圣经《多数公民制妨碍美国普选的历史》，2018年。
##皇压迫臣
####曹操罚不加於尊
>幸姬常从昼寝，枕之卧，告之曰：“须臾觉我。”姬见太祖卧安，未即寤，及自觉，棒杀之。[30]
>>有个曹操宠爱的姬妾常跟他一起白天睡觉，曹操枕在她的身上，跟她说：“一会儿叫醒我。”之后姬妾看见曹操睡得很安稳，没有叫醒他，曹操自然醒后用棍棒打死了这个姬妾。
>行经麦中，令‘士卒无败麦，犯者死’。骑士皆下马，付麦以相持，於是太祖马腾入麦中，敕主簿议罪；主簿对以春秋之义，罚不加於尊。太祖曰：‘制法而自犯之，何以帅下？然孤为军帅，不可自杀，请自刑。’因援剑割发以置地。[30]
>>曹操率军经过麦田，下令‘士兵不要伤害麦，侵犯者死’。于是骑兵都下马，扶着麦走，
但曹操骑的马不受控制腾入麦中，曹操命令主簿议自己该受的罪罚；主簿回答以《春秋》之义，惩罚不施于首领。曹操说：‘自己立的法自己犯了，如何做领导？但我为军队首领，不可以自杀，请求我自己对自己“动刑”。’于是拔剑割了头发来代头置地。
岳飞案“莫须有”
宋朝时，岳飞儿子等被牵连进岳飞案：
恭亲王案“事出有因”
清朝时，有关恭亲王问题的谕令正式公布：
妄自尊大，诸多狂傲，倚仗爵高权重，目无君上，视朕冲龄，诸多挟制，往往暗使离间，不可细问。每日召见，趾高气扬，言语之间许多取巧妄陈。[33]
然而对于证据，谕令始终讳莫如深，只得以
虽无实据，事出有因。究属暧昧，难以悬揣。[33]
来搪塞。[34]
权臣压迫被架空的君主
人的好感之所以不能做为主要的思考方式，这也是个例子，能脑补出这么多理由。
于谦案“意有之”
于谦保卫了明朝，但是因为新旧皇帝登基后听信谗言，于谦被下狱，王文辩白道：
召亲王须用金牌符信，遣人必有马牌，内府、兵部可验也。召唤亲王的军队需要兵符，使唤人需要有马牌，存放兵符、马牌的内府、兵部被调出都需要记录，去检查它们的调出记录，可验证我们有没有造反。
于谦冷笑着说：
亨等意耳，辩何益！[38]享等人的想法，申辩没有用！
经过查对，金牌信符都在内府，属毫无实据，徐有贞被人质问，他说：
虽无显迹，意有之。
不杀于谦，今曰（复辟）之事无名。[2]
结果于谦被处死，其家人被发配边疆充军。
权臣压迫臣、民
《史记》记载：
李斯、姚贾害之，毁之曰：‘韩非，韩之诸公子也。今王欲并诸侯，非终为韩不为秦，此人之情也。今王不用，久留而归之，此自遗患也。不如以过法杀之。’秦王以为然，下吏治非。李斯使人遗非药，使自杀。韩非欲自陈，不得见。秦王后悔之，使人赦之，非已死矣。
……秦王认为李斯说得对，便抓捕韩非。廷尉将其投入监狱，最后逼其服毒自杀。韩非想上书始皇帝，被拒绝。后来秦王后悔，派人赦免他，但是韩非已经死了。[39]
史书记载明朝首辅张居正：
先时决囚，初无定额。居正任事，限各省决囚有定数，以致首鼠私窜者，欲盈其数以免罚，有滥及无辜者矣。[24]以前判决罪犯死刑，没有数量上的要求。张居正进行“考成法”，给各省下达具体的死刑判决指标，完不成就要受罚。各省为了凑足死刑犯数量，只好滥杀无辜。
皇压迫民
焚书坑儒
秦始皇时，丞相李斯反对儒生以古非今，以私学诽谤朝政，建议除秦记、医药、卜筮、种树书外，民间所藏《诗》《书》和诸子百家书，《秦记》以外的列国史记一律焚毁；谈论《诗》《书》者处死；以古非今者族诛；禁止私学，欲学习法令者以吏官为师。秦始皇采纳这一建议。
次年，方士、儒生求仙药不得，卢生等又逃亡，秦始皇怒坑杀方士和儒生四百六十余人。[40]
穷奢极欲
秦国臣子鲍白令批评秦始皇：
“陛下筑台干云，宫殿五里，建千石之钟，万石之虡。妇女连百，倡优累千。兴作骊山，宫室至雍，相继不绝，所以自奉者。殚天下，竭民力，偏驳自私，不能以及人。陛下所谓自营仅存之主也，何暇比德五帝，欲官天下哉？”
始皇黯然无以应之，面有惭色，久之曰：“令之之言，乃令众丑我。”[41]
异性
（唐）宣宗时，越守进女乐（越州刺史进献女），有绝色。上初悦之，数日，锡予盈积（赏赐了很多宝贝）。
忽晨兴不乐，曰：“明皇（应该是指唐玄宗李隆基——笔者）只一杨妃（杨贵妃），天下至今未平，我岂敢忘？”
召诣前曰：“应留汝不得。”
左右奏，可以放还。
上曰：“放还我必思之，可赐鸩（毒酒）一杯。”[42]唐宣宗时，越州刺史进贡一女人给他享用，此女人有绝色。唐宣宗时开始时很高兴，几天，赏赐了他们很多宝贝。
一天早上突然不高兴，说：“唐玄宗李隆基只是一杨贵妃就造成祸害，天下至今未平定，我怎么敢忘记这事？”
唐宣宗召唤此女前来，说：“因为这样我不能留下妳。”
左右的人说，可以放回去。
唐宣宗说：“放回去我必然思念她，赐她毒酒一杯吧。”
臣压迫民
当年明月的《明朝那些事儿》记载明朝地方灾荒，层层官员对救命的赈灾款贪污。
清朝和珅曾往救灾粮里面参沙子，为的不让官员拿来自己吃。
台湾地方向清政府申请支援，清政府用钱支援台湾，结果钱被层层贪污，只有半款到达。
印度是个偏向传统的民族，传统农村村长权力很大，受约束不足。[43]
货币超发
禁用金银
元朝官方禁止民间买卖金、银：
买卖金银，赴官库依价回易倒换。如私下买卖，诸人告捉到官，金银价钞全行断没，於内一半付告捉人充赏，应捕人减半。一十两以下决杖五十七下，一十两以上决杖七十七下，一定以上决杖一百七下。於犯人名下更追钞两，给付捉事人充赏。[44]
朱元璋也禁止民间使用铜和银币，只许使用官方纸币。[45]
铸大钱
铸大钱在古代新发的金属货币标示的钱数大幅度超过本身的钱数，我国已知《国语》有最早铸大钱的纪录：
（周）景王二十一年，将铸大钱。单穆公曰：“不可……”王弗听，卒铸大钱。[46]
《三国志》记载刘备铸十铢钱当百铢钱使：
军用不足，备甚忧之。巴曰：易耳，但当铸直百钱，平诸物价，令吏为官市。备从之，数月之间，府库充实。[47]
唐朝中期的重轮乾元重宝以一当唐朝开国时发行的开元通宝的五十文，但重量只有开元通宝的五倍。[48]
铸小钱
铸小钱在古代是新发的金属货币，钱数标示不变，重量大幅度减少。
西汉武帝或宣帝时铸的小5铢钱，重量只有约3铢。[48]
东汉时董卓发5铢钱，重量只有1.7铢，[48]《资治通鉴》记载：
董卓坏五铢钱，更铸小钱，悉取雒阳及长安铜人，由是货贱物贵，谷石至数万钱，尽毁于董卓之手。[49]
货币超发
货币超发在古代是皇权直接造货币使用，《杜清献公集》记载：
自边烽未撤，楮券印造之数，不啻数十倍。而钱监所铸之钱，比祖宗盛时，仅二十之一，上下百费，悉抑于楮。昔也，楮本以权钱之用；而今也，钱反无以济楮之轻，钱日荒而楮日积。[50]
《宋史》记载：
绍圣以后，界率增造，以给陕西沿边籴买及募兵之用，少者数十万缗，多者或至数百万缗；而成都之用，又请印造，故每岁书放亦无定数。[51]
又有蒋介石发金圆券。[48]
丘吉尔在《第一次世界大战回忆录》也说：
我们从来不认为货币成本是能够限制军队补给的一个要素，但从战争停止的时刻起人们断言应把货币成本放在优先考虑的位置上。
内库
中国古代皇帝的“私房钱”来源众多，数额巨大，但皇帝的内库常常还是入不敷出，需要国库补足差额。[52]
奥匈帝国（现在的土耳其）对少数民族亚美尼亚人
英国对美国
以色列
印度
雅尔塔协定
鸦片战争
英国对美国
以色列
印度
雅尔塔协定
鸦片战争
来源及释义：
- 《论语》/阳货。 ↩
- 《女诫》/序。 ↩
- 谌旭彬《如何区分真国学与假国学》，短史记，2019年1月23日。 ↩
- 《探险夫妇关怀毁容女孩 揭秘印度女性生存现状》/我们的侣行/第10期（上）/2017年7月1日。
《实拍解救印度童婚女孩，探访〈摔跤吧！爸爸〉原型》，/第10期（下）/2017年7月2日。
《79岁印度老太收养1400名孤儿/第11期（上）。
《“天使医生”为救印度女婴穷困潦倒》/第11期（下）。 ↩ - 恩格斯《英国工人阶级状况》，1845年3月。中译版见《马克思恩格斯全集》/第2卷，人民出版社，1957年。 ↩
- 《破产底特律的希望之光》，地球之极·侣行/第二季。 ↩
- 照理说事《德国工人每天上五个小时班？比小学生还少呢？》，B站，2018年2月27日。 ↩
- 留学的真相《意大利快递慢出天际 3个月收到心怀感激 三通一达要在就好了》，B站，2018年2月20日。 ↩
- 高晓松《欧洲红魔比利时：啤酒 撒尿 世界杯》，晓说，2018年6月22日期/29:50。 ↩
- 《面对丑陋的权利，他选择了拒绝配合》通往知识之路，人过五十网。 ↩
- 《建炎以来系年要录》/绍兴十一年十二月；《三朝北盟会编》/卷二百七。 ↩
- 《宋史》/岳飞传：
韩世忠不平，诣桧诘其实，桧曰：‘飞子云与张宪书虽不明，其事体莫须有。’世忠曰：‘‘莫须有’三字，何以服天下？’ ↩ - 王学斌《“打虎”与“授权”：弹劾恭亲王》，2014年7月2日，人民网 转 中国经营报。 ↩
- 班固《汉书》/霍光金日磾传：
尚书令复读曰：
……受玺以来二十七日，使者旁午，持节诏诸官署征发，凡一千一百二十七事。文学、光禄大夫夏侯胜等及侍中傅嘉数进谏以过失，使人簿责胜，缚嘉系狱。荒淫迷惑，失帝王礼谊，乱汉制度。臣敞等数进谏，不变更，日以益甚，恐危社稷，天下不安。
（不准确白话）尚书令复读曰：
……刘贺受皇帝以来二十七日，使者纷繁，持节诏令各官署征调，共有一千一百二十七事。文学、光禄大夫夏侯胜等人以及侍中傅嘉多次进谏以过失，派人责备胜，绑好入狱。荒淫迷惑，失去了帝王的礼义，扰乱了汉朝的制度。杨敞等多次规劝，不改变，日益严重，恐怕危及社稷，天下不安。 ↩ - 《三国志》/魏书六 董二袁刘传第六，宋·裴松之 注：
尚书卢植曰：“案尚书太甲既立不明，伊尹放之桐宫。昌邑王立二十七日，罪过千馀，故霍光废之。 ↩ - 《左传》/僖公十年。 ↩
- 《于谦传》 ↩
- 《史记》/老子韩非列传。 ↩
- 西汉·司马迁《史记》/秦始皇本纪。 ↩
- 刘向《说苑》/至公。 ↩
- 《唐语林》引《续贞陵遗事》。
《资治通鉴》/卷249/大中十三年八月《考异》引《续贞陵遗事》同载：
越守尝进女乐，有绝色者。上初悦之，数月，锡赉盈积。一旦晨兴，忽不乐曰：“玄宗只一杨妃，天下至今未平，我岂敢忘？”乃召美人曰：“应留汝不得。”左右或奏“可以放还”。上曰：“放还我必思之，可命赐鸩一杯。” ↩ - 《残忍的印度封建制度，农村长老权力至高无上，看着辛酸！》，侣行。 ↩
- 《元典章》/户部卷之六/典章二十。“整治钞法条贯”。 ↩
- 李连利《白银帝国：翻翻明朝的老账》，华中科技大学出版社，2012-5-1/第一回/朱元璋禁止用铜用银。 ↩
- 《国语》/周语/单穆公谏景王铸大钱。 ↩
- 《三国志》/易志/刘巴传 注引《陵零先贤传》。 ↩
- 《资治通鉴》/卷第59/孝灵皇帝下。 ↩
- 宋·杜范撰《杜清献公集》/卷9。 ↩
- 《宋史》/食货志。 ↩
- 杨津涛《皇帝，才是扰乱国家财政的头号罪魁祸首》，短史记，2019年2月15日。 ↩
---
(translation)
Power imbalance test
(This article says that when one party gains power and the other party's power is not equal to it, it is easy to have a power imbalance, and there will be oppression and squeezing.)
(This article says that when one party gains power and the other party's power is not equal to it, it is easy to have a power imbalance, and there will be oppression and squeezing.)
Unbalanced power means that when one side is strong, it oppresses the other side.
Ancient countries around the world can basically be divided into two types of imperial power and majority citizenship. There is a mixture of these two types, but it is easy to become these two types.
Simply put, the ancient imperial system was that the monarch made the main decision and made the final decision. If the minister obtained real power (such as Sima Yi), then the minister is the actual monarch. The majority citizenship system is the policy of the citizens with a large number of citizens (citizens are not necessarily the majority of the nationals).
When different gender
During the Han Dynasty, the rule of rituals reached its peak, and a lot of wealth (reportedly one-third) was buried underneath to " provide " people who died. Tomb thieves' favorite tombs later were also the tombs of this dynasty. Ritual requires inequality between men and women, Confucius said:
Men and women do not sit together, different yaws, different towels, not personally taught. Uncle sister-in-law can't ask, the mothers don't wash clothes. The foreign language is not in the bundle, the inner language is not in the bundle.
Men and women are not allowed to sit together and are not allowed to use the same utensils and handshake. ...
Men, those who are wise and long-lived, know what can be done, know not what can be done, know what can be said, know not what can be said, know feasible, and know not feasible, so it is because they judge their ethics and know their nicknames, so they are effective Everyone's listening too. Women, like Ye, sons, and wives; women, like men ’s teachings, and those who grow up their righteousness. It is called a woman. Woman, lay on it. Therefore in non-authoritarian justice, there are three from it - at home from the Father, the appropriate person from the husband, the husband died from the child, since then nothing dare be. The teaching order does not leave the boudoir, and the matter is idle and just enough to feed. It is the old lady and the boudoir who is in the sun, and she is mourning for hundreds of miles. There is no way to do things alone. Participate and move, but you can test it later. The candlesticks at night, the palace must be measured, and the six animals are in the palace.
Men, who are responsible for the tasks of the day and let everything grow, know what can be done and what cannot be done; know what can be said and what cannot be said; know what is feasible and what is not feasible. Therefore, a clear examination of the types and differences of things is called knowing, which is the character of ordinary men. Women are people who obey the teachings of men and often follow this principle, so there is no self-asserted principle, only three responsibilities. Obey your father and brother when you are young. There is no reason to remarry after obeying the husband after getting married and obeying the son after death. The orders in the house are not issued by women, their business is only to provide food and drink. Do n’t be criticized outside your home, and you ca n’t go to the place beyond the stipulations. Things can't be made without permission, you can't travel alone, think before you act, and then speak after verification. Not strolling in the courtyard during the day and walking with lights in the night. This is the character of ordinary women.
Five women don't take it: those who rebelled against the family, those who messed with the family, those who have been sentenced to death, those who have a sick child, and those who lost their father and eldest son. Seven out of the woman, three will not go. Seven outs: those who are out of line with their parents, childless, obscene, jealous, malady, multi-lingual, thieves; three non-goers: those who have something to gain and have nothing to return, have been together for three more years Mourning, poor first, then rich. " [^ 72]
Wang Su's note: "A chaotic family is called an incest. "
(It is said that those who rebelled against the family were also responsible for their virtue; those who perverted the family were responsible for their persecution; those who had criminals in the world were forsaken to others; those with evil in the world were forsaken to heaven. ; The widowed eldest son is also ordered to do nothing.
There are five major sins: those who defy the world, sin and the fifth; those who vilify the martial arts, sin and the fourth; those who defy human relations, the sin and the third; those who vilify the ghosts and gods, the sin and the second; Therefore, there are five major crimes, murder is the next. )
Confucius went on to say:
" There are five kinds of women who cannot marry: women who rebel against families, women who commit obscene incest families, women who have been punished by families, women who have incurable diseases, and fathers (some say that fathers were killed in their early years, so why not write early years? ) The eldest daughter of the family. There are seven situations in which a woman can be abandoned, and three situations cannot be abandoned. The seven situations are: unfilial filial parents, those without sons, those who engage in promiscuous and eccentric behaviors, and who are jealous. , There are incurable diseases, talkative, and stealing. Three situations are: there is a family when married, and homeless after giving up, this is the first kind. The three years of mourning for the in-laws Yes, this is the second kind. The husband's family is poor first and then rich, this is the third kind.
Wang Su's Note: " A woman in a chaotic family refers to incest. "
Requiring parents to die from work for three years, Confucius said:
... Three years of mourning, the world is also mourning. [^ 69]
Yi Zhongtian said in the "Hundred Forums" that in fact his mother died, and he only kept filial piety for a year, and the specifications of wearing filial piety are lower.
"Female Commandments" is the work of Ban Gu ’s sister Ban Zhao, the Eastern Han Dynasty, is
The core textbooks of the modern " women's virtue " classes are base words:
There are four in ten years, holding the dustpan in Cao's clan, and carrying it for forty years now. With fear and trembling, she often fears humiliation to increase the shame of her parents (seven go or seven out) to benefit both Chinese and foreign. Su Ye was heart-wrenching and hardworking, but now and then, she knew nothing. [^ 13]
(I) It has been more than forty years since I was married to Cao's family with the dustpan and broom at the age of fourteen. Living tremblingly, I was often afraid of what I did poorly and was kicked out of my wife's house, and made my parents add humiliation to this, and cause worry outside the house. Sooner or later, hard work, hard to say fatigue, and now (until the aunt, uncle, husband all died [^ 14] ), I know it can be avoided.
In India, there are a lot of inequality between men and women. For example, when the dowry woman comes out, the chain causes the baby girl to be killed by the father, women are raped more frequently, and women are splashed with sulfuric acid to become the trend, and the punishment is insufficient. [^ 86] [^ 99] In Islamic countries, it is necessary not to expose the skin according to the requirements of the Quran, but men do not. [^ 98] In history, many countries have had polygamy, but now there are, but few countries allow polygamy.
When different labor relations
Employers oppress employees
When universal suffrage was not universal, most citizens were employers, and employers oppressed employees:
Modern European employees like to strike, [^ 50] and it is difficult for employers to fire them (most citizens make policies to protect most citizens themselves), which is why Western companies tend to move to China.
UK
[ See this ] (https://m.weibo.cn/status/4274767139490629?)
Engels published the famous "The Working Class in Britain" [^ 11] also wrote about this matter.
Employees oppress employers
When the majority are employees, the majority of employees oppress a few employers:
USA
"Who persecuted unity" [^ 1]
"Ultra Strong American Trade Union" [^ 2]
"Causes of Detroit's Bankruptcy" [^ 4]
Detroit is an old industrial city in the United States, known as the " Car Capital of the World. " Employers oppress employers and cause employers to relocate. Now it has become a capital of crime. Detroit city is bankrupt, and its decline can be seen in " [ Bank of Detroit's Hope Light ] ( https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDA3OTIwMzY4OA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=b5088baf717235e5bb0c7b2edb4779a26) 》[^ 85]
Germany
The 900,000 workers in Germany achieved a 4.3% salary increase through strikes , the work was shortened to 28 hours per week , plus 400 euros per person per year . [^ 5]
Italy
"Italian Express has been out of the sky for 3 months and received the gratitude and thanks for the three links and one arrival" [^ 6]
Canada
The betta Xia Yueyue anchor said in a live broadcast that Canada's economy is not good, I asked her if the Canadian union strikes? She said strikes often.
Sweden, Denmark
"Take a Scan of Northern Europe: When Fairy Tales Come into Reality" [^ 52]
When different wealth levels
From ancient times until now, the poor are the majority and the rich are the minority. After the majority citizen suffrage, the majority of the poor oppressed the minority:
Europe and the United States are countries that collect high taxes, and once reached 75% , 85% , 98% (UK), and 102% (Sweden) wealthy taxes to achieve equality or eliminate class gaps (which also violates the principle of superiority and inferiority). The wealth tax of the wealthy people in Europe and America is also very high. France and Germany collect more than 80% of the tax on the rich people. [^ 50]
Germany
"The Meaning of the Community" [^ 3]
Italy, Argentina, the most leisurely country in Europe. They leave work at two o'clock in the afternoon (there must be a union or policy requirement). High welfare, working people (should be on average) earn 1,200 euros, not working, earn 800 euros, most people do not like work, like to eat and drink, poor economy, but also lose confidence in the country. [^ 81]
Belgium
"European Red Devils Belgium : Beer Pee World Cup" [^ 71]
Different nationalities
There are nearly two hundred countries in the world, and almost every country is a multi-ethnic country (including Japan). Most of the nations have more than one ethnic group and few others. In China, about nine adults are Han nationality. Under the majority citizenship system, a nation with a large population oppresses a nation with a small population:
Athens
" Athensian democracy was a democratic system developed in 508 BC in the ancient Greek city-state of Athens (including the central city-state of Athens and the surrounding Attica region). Athens has thus become one of the earliest democracies. ... … Attica's women are considered to be incomplete, and slaves are considered to be objects, not humans.
... the number of slaves and foreigners is particularly unstable. Previous 4 century, the population of Athens may reach 25 Wan Zhi 30 or so million; the number of the family may have 10 million people, of which 3 million people participate in adult males Christine Min parliamentary vote. " [^ 31] Athens is the most democratic city-states of ancient Greece, nor the people is the citizen. So democracy " the people " is a citizen, a citizen of the system belongs to democracy.
" The duty of the court is to accept citizens' appeals against the ruling of the magistrate, ... where the judges are chosen by lot by volunteers. "
Modern judges are from professional colleges, and the court ’s decision can override the wishes of most citizens and parliamentarians at that time, so it is no longer “ democratic ” and decentralized.
Athenian citizen Socrates publicly opposed the democratic system of Athens, the most democratic of ancient Greece at that time, and was sentenced to death by Socrates by the Athens court for ungodliness and corruption of the youth's thinking in Athens (because he did not believe in God).
"It is said that Protegra's unknowable remarks caused anger, which led the Athenians to expel him from the country and burned his manuscripts in the market (Diogenes and Cicero confirmed this). " [^ 31] At that time it was democracy system.
Ancient Rome
In the early days of the Roman Empire, only about one adult naturally had citizenship. In ancient Rome, there were free people and slaves, neither nationals nor citizens. What I know in ancient Western countries is the two countries that Greece and Ancient Rome called democracy when the United States was established.
In the first 90 years, in order to fight for the citizenship of Rome, the Latins revolted and historically called the Allied War.
Germany
Many people knew about Germany during World War II. Here is a personal story:
1934 , the German and Jewish women Auguste Irkeshtam - Aike Le acquaintance, the two then fall in love, get married and ready to register in Hamburg. But at this time, the Nazis promulgated the Nuremberg Act, which deprived Jews of their citizenship and also prohibited " Germans from marrying Jews or having extramarital sex . " [^ 12]
Auguste did not give up his wife, they continued to live together. Two months later, Auguste was arrested and sentenced to serve two and a half years of imprisonment, his wife Ekler was detained, and his two children were forcibly sent to an orphanage. 1942 Nian 2 months, his wife Irkeshtam - Aike Le was taken to Bernburg euthanasia center, and other 14,000 were taken to the gas chambers to kill people. [^ 10]
Before Hitler ’s defeat, he did not start all German companies to serve the war. The resources obtained by German citizens had a high standard of living. Some experts calculated that if he started all the companies, the military production capacity It could be doubled. After the Soviet army invaded Germany, it was strange to find that these companies were still operating.
Spain
" [The Malpractice of Most Citizens in Spain ] (https://www.jianshu.com/p/5e2eabb6200e) "
USA
" [The United States is hell, Canada is the paradise Indians say so ] (http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rqvudefs.html?key=59e36a5e70e4c4efc6fcbc4db7ea59c1&msrc=3_31_56&aid=1903739700&tvid=1903739700&cid=v&v=v&v=31&identifier=weixin = 1 & p1 = 2_22_700 & social_platform = weibo) 》[^ 51]
" [The Aboriginal War of the Dark Forest of Human Civilization ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzA1Mzg4MDg2NA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=dde003c009e7e465850ba762faa381083) " [^ 84]
The United States fights Iraq " Unknown " (English: Unknown unknown )
United Nations inspectors will not make Iraq weapons of mass destruction, and 2002 , US President George W. Bush is still government-owned weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, and its support for terrorists by going to war (after the war), the same year 2 Yue 12 When the then Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld was asked about the evidence, he said:
As far as we know, there are ' known known ' , some things we know we know; we also know that there are ' known unknown ' , that is to say, there are things that we now know we don't know. However, there is also an ' unknown unknown' - some things we don't know we don't know. [^ 45]
Exclusion Act
In 1900 , the San Francisco Labor Organization held a large-scale parade, saying:
(United States) is being attacked by cheap laborers from China and Japan.
They asked Congress to:
Re-enacted the Chinese Exclusion Law and added a clause that excludes all Mongolian workers. [^ 7]
After the US government passed the Immigration Act of 1924 , all ethnic groups of Asian descent except the Philippines were prohibited from acquiring US citizenship. [^ 8] In fact, these white Chinese Americans were also foreign, and were not ranked by the requirements of the local Indians. And excluding low-cost, more diligent labor, employers would rather open factories outside.
Modern European employees like to strike. [^ 50] This is why Western companies often move to China.
UK, Ireland
The United Kingdom, Ireland and Northern Ireland oppressed each other. The Northern Ireland army bombed the United Kingdom to the United Kingdom and even canceled all the trash cans in the hotel (France also used special plastic bags as trash cans due to similar incidents), [^ 83] Ireland and Northern Ireland Ireland is adjacent to each other but hates each other. There are separation walls under the graveyard where people are buried after death, meaning that they do not want to see each other when they die. [^ 82]
Apartheid
[ See here ] (https://m.weibo.cn/1777260132/4268903376798374)
When different faith
In ancient times where legislation and justice were not separated, courts could deprive people of different faiths, such as:
"The oppressed people of ancient Greece and Rome under the majority citizenship"
When different status
Citizens squeeze slaves
“ Throughout the history of the development of ancient Rome, slaves as cheap labor have always been one of the main driving forces of the Roman economy. Through the slave trade with foreign merchants and the sale of prisoners of war or conquered residents as slaves, the Roman labor force can continue Increased. A small number of these slaves were used as servants or servants, but most of them were sent to mines, Sicily, and large farms in southern Italy. "" Under Roman law, slaves were only property, not natural persons. Slaves The abuse, injury, and even killing of slaves by the Lord are not restricted by law. Although slaves perform different jobs, most slaves are forced to perform harsh physical labor on the most difficult farms and mines. " [^ 31]
Prisoners of war, slaves bought from the slave market, and Roman citizens who participated voluntarily were professionally trained to fight, fighting in the arena to please the audience, and the probability of people without personal freedom winning several games to obtain personal freedom is also very small.
At that time, Rome was a civic system, and senior civil servants were elected by citizens. The most famous slave rebellion was the Spartacus uprising.
Most citizens oppress minority citizens and free people
Cognitive Bible "History of Majority Citizenship Interfering with Universal Suffrage in the United States", 2018 .
皇 oppression minister
Cao Cao punishes no more than respect
Fortunately, Ji often sleeps from the day and sleeps on the pillow, telling him: " Xu Yu feels me. " Ji sees Taizu Wo'an, who is short-lived and self-conscious. [^ 61]
A concubine Cao Cao's favorite concubine often sleeps with him during the day. Cao Cao rests on her body and says to her: " Wake me up later . " Afterwards, Ji concubine saw Cao Cao sleeping peacefully, and did not wake him up, Cao Cao After waking up naturally, he killed the concubine with a stick.
Walk through the wheat, so that 'the soldiers are undefeated and the prisoners die ' . The knights dismounted and paid Mai to hold on to each other. So the grandfather Ma rushed into the wheat and discussed the crime with the master book; Taizu said: 'If you make a law and commit your own crime, why should you be handsome? Although he is a military commander, he cannot commit suicide. ' Because the sword was cut to aid the land. [^ 61]
Cao Cao led his army through the wheat field and ordered the ' soldier not to hurt Mai, the invader died ' . So the cavalrymen dismounted and helped Mai walk,
But Cao Cao's horse ran into the wheat without control. Cao Cao ordered the main book to discuss his punishment; the main book responded with the meaning of "Spring and Autumn" and the punishment was not imposed on the leader. Cao Cao said: ' I have committed my own law, how do I lead? But I am the leader of the army, and I should not commit suicide. I request that I " punish " myself . ' So he drew his sword and cut his hair to replace his head.
Yue Fei case " Mo Xu You "
During the Song Dynasty, Yue Fei's son was involved in the Yue Fei case:
Zhao Fei died, and ordered the commander Yang Yizhong to visit his punishment in front of the palace, Zhu Xianyun was in the city, and the world was wronged.
Han Shizhong couldn't calm down, so he asked Qin Hui.
Cypress said: Fei Ziyun and Zhang Xianshu, although unknown, their events should not be necessary.
Shi Zhong said: "Xiang Gong, Mo Xu must have three characters, why should it serve the world?" [^ 42] [^ 41]
Prince Gong's case "There is a cause "
During the Qing Dynasty, the decree on the Prince Gong issue was officially announced:
Various self-esteem, a lot of arrogance, relying on the high weight of Jue, no king, depending on my age, many restraints, often secretly separated, not to be questioned. Summoned daily, arrogant, with many rhetoric between words. [^ 67]
However, for the evidence, the decree has always been kept secret, and only
Although there is no evidence, there is a cause. It is ambiguous and difficult to surmise. [^ 67]
Come here. [^ 44]
Power minister oppressed the monarch
In the 27th day of the reign of Emperor Liu He of the Western Han Dynasty , Minister Huo Guangluo listed 1127 charges for him to step down [^ 46] [^ 47] , and responded to the sentence " why do you want to add to the crime? " [^ 80] .
The reason why people's good feelings cannot be used as the main way of thinking is also an example, so many reasons can be filled out.
Yu Qian's case " Yi You Zhi "
Yu Qian defended the Ming Dynasty, but because the old and new emperors ascended to the throne, Yu Qian was jailed, and Wang Wen argued:
The prince must be lettered with a gold medal. If you send someone, you must have a horse card.
The army summoning the prince needs a talisman, so that the caller needs to have a horse card, and the internal government and the military department that store the talisman and horse cards need to be recorded. Check their transfer records to verify whether we have rebelled.
Yu Qian sneered and said:
Heng waits for the ears, why not argue! [^ 70]
Enjoy the ideas of others, it is useless to argue!
After checking, the gold symbols and symbols are all in the government. There is no evidence. Xu Youzhen was questioned. He said:
Although there is no evidence, it means something.
Do not kill Yu Qian, this day (restoration) is unknown. [^ 69]
As a result, Yu Qian was executed and his family was assigned to the frontier to conquer the army.
权臣 oppress ministers, people
"Historical Records" records:
Li Si and Yao Jia's ruined and said: ' Han Fei, Han Zhu's sons too. Today, Wang wants to merge with the princes, whether it is Han or Qin, and this person's feelings. This king doesn't need to use it, and stays home for a long time, and this self-remains. Better kill by law. ' King Qin took it for granted. Li Si made people drug-free and committed suicide. Han Fei wanted to report himself, but was not seen. King Qin regretted it and made him forgive, not dead.
... King Qin thought Li Si was right and arrested Han Fei. Ting Wei put him in prison and finally forced him to commit suicide by taking drugs. Han Fei wanted to write the first emperor, but was rejected. Later, King Qin regretted and sent someone to pardon him, but Han Fei was dead. [^ 43]
The history book records the first assistant Zhang Juzheng of the Ming Dynasty:
Prior prisoners, no quota at first. Juzheng has limited the number of prisoners in various provinces, so that those who are the first to go privately want to avoid punishment, and indiscriminate and innocent people are the only ones. [^ 84]
Previously sentenced criminals to death, there were no quantitative requirements. Zhang Juzheng is conducting a “ testing the law ” to give specific death penalty judgment indicators to the provinces, and he will be punished if he fails to do so. In order to make up for the death penalty, the provinces had to kill the innocent indiscriminately.
皇 oppress the people
烧书坑儒
When Emperor Qin Shihuang, Prime Minister Li Si opposed Confucianism to the ancient and modern times, and slander the government with private learning. He suggested that in addition to Qin Ji, medicine, divination, and tree planting books, the folk collection of "Poetry" and "Books" and all the hundreds of books, "Qin Ji" All other historical records of the nations are burned; those who talk about "Poems" and "Books" are executed; those who are ancient and modern are banned; private learning is forbidden, and those who want to learn laws and regulations take officials as teachers. Qin Shihuang accepted this suggestion.
The following year, Alchemists and Confucian scholars could not seek the medicine for immortality, while Lu Sheng and others fled. Qin Shihuang angered and killed more than 460 alchemists and Confucian scholars. [^ 48]
Poor luxury
Qin Guochen's son Bao Bailing criticized Qin Shihuang:
" Your Majesty builds the main cloud, the palace is five miles away, builds the Bell of Thousand Stones, and the Bell of Ten Thousand Stones. There are hundreds of women, and they advocate thousands of good people. They are prosperous as Lishan, and the palace is to Yong. They are endless, so they are self-satisfied. Exhausting the strength of the people, refuting selfishness, and not being able to be human. His Majesty the so-called self-operated surviving master, how can he compare himself to the Five Emperors and want to be a world official? "
The first emperor was overwhelmed with embarrassment , and said for a long time: " The words of the order make me ugly. " [^ 91]
Heterosexual
(Tang) When Xuanzong, Yue Shoujin entered the female music (Yuezhou Jianshijin presented the female), which was outstanding. At the beginning of Yue Yue, a few days, Xi Yuyingji (rewarded a lot of treasure).
Morningside suddenly not happy, saying: " Ming Emperor (Emperor Li Longji should mean - ? I) only a Yang Fei (Yang), the world is not flat so far, I dare not forget ."
Before Zhao Zhao said: "You should stay and you can't. "
You can play it back and forth.
Previously said: " Release what I must think of, and give me a cup of poison (poisoned wine). " [^ 73]
In Tang Xuanzong, a woman from Yuezhou Jianshi tribute to him to enjoy, this woman has awesome. Tang Xuanzong was very happy at the beginning, and for a few days, rewarded them with many babies.
Suddenly unhappy one morning, he said: " Tang Xuanzong Li Longji just caused a disaster as soon as Yang Guifei. The world has not been settled yet. How dare I forget this? "
Tang Xuanzong summoned this woman to come and said, " Because of this I can't leave you. "
People around say that they can put it back.
Tang Xuanzong said: " I will miss her when I put it back. Give her a glass of poisonous wine. "
臣 oppress the people
"Things of the Ming Dynasty" in Mingyue that year recorded the local disasters in the Ming Dynasty, and officials at various levels embezzled money for disaster relief.
The Qing dynasty and Shen Shen used to join the disaster relief grains in order to prevent the officials from taking them for themselves.
The Taiwanese applied for support from the Qing government, and the Qing government used money to support Taiwan. As a result, the money was corrupted in layers, and only half of the money arrived.
India is a traditional ethnic group. Traditional rural village chiefs have great powers and lack of constraints. [^ 87]
Currency Super Issue
Disable gold and silver
The Yuan Dynasty officially banned private trading of gold and silver:
Buy and sell gold and silver, go to the official treasury and switch back at a price. For example, if everyone buys and sells in private, everyone catches the official, and all the gold and silver bills are wiped out. Below twelve poles fifty-seven times, above twelve poles seventy-seven times, surely above one hundred and seven times. In the name of the prisoner, he chased two more notes to reward the arrester. [^ 63]
Zhu Yuanzhang also prohibited the private use of copper and silver coins, only official paper money. [^ 68]
Cast big money
The amount of money marked on the newly issued metal currency in ancient times is significantly larger than the amount of money itself. China is known to have the earliest record of casting big money in "Mandarin":
(Week) King Jing will make a lot of money in 21 years. Shan Mugong said: " Not ..." Wang Fu listened and died. [^ 78]
"Three Kingdoms" records that Liu Beizhu made ten baht money as a hundred baht money:
Insufficient military use is very worrying. Ba Yue said: Yi Er, but when casting hundreds of dollars, and flat prices, making officials official. From then on, within a few months, the house was enriched. [^ 76]
In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Qianyuan Chongbao used fifty texts of Kaiyuan Tongbao issued when the Tang Dynasty was founded, but its weight was only five times that of Kaiyuan Tongbao. [^ 74]
Casting small money
Casting small money was a new metal currency issued in ancient times, the amount of money is unchanged, and the weight is greatly reduced.
The small 5 baht coin made by Emperor Wudi or Xuandi of the Western Han Dynasty weighed only about 3 baht. [^ 74]
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo made 5 baht and weighed only 1.7 baht. [^ 74] "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" records:
Dong Zhuo broke five baht money, and even made a small amount of money. He learned to take Luoyang and Changan Tongren, because the goods are cheap and expensive. [^ 79]
Currency Super Issue
In the ancient times, the currency super issue was directly used by the imperial power to create currency. "Du Qingxian's Collection" records:
Since Bianfeng has not been withdrawn, the number of printed coupons is dozens of times. The money cast by Qian Jian was only twenty-one times that of his ancestors when he was in prosperity. In the past, money was originally used for power and money; nowadays, money can not be used to save money, money is scarce and money is accumulated. [^ 77]
"Song History" records:
After Shaosheng, the rate of the community was increased to buy and recruit soldiers along the border of Shaanxi. The smallest one is hundreds of thousands of yuan, and the most is millions of yuan; There is no fixed number of books. [^ 62]
Another Chiang Kai-shek issued gold coupons. [^ 74]
Churchill also said in "Memories of the First World War":
We never think that the cost of money is an element that can limit the supply of troops, but from the moment the war stopped, people asserted that the cost of money should be given priority.
内 库
The ancient Chinese emperor's " private house money " has many sources and huge amounts, but the emperor's internal treasury often still cannot make ends meet, and the treasury needs to make up the difference. [^ 49]
The Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Turkey)
British vs. American
Israel
India
Yalta Agreement
Opium War
Related Reading:
Gao Xiaosong " [ innocent and genocide ] (https://m.pingshu365.com/pm/377265.html) ", Xiaosong Qi talk / 2015 Nian 5 Yue 29 , 1998 (off the shelf). [ Audio ] (https://m.pingshu365.com/pm/377265.html) .
Gao Xiaosong [[1860s : Brutal Expansion in Europe ] (http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rrkgou90.html?key=59e36a5e70e4c4efc6fcbc4db7ea59c1&msrc=3_31_56&aid=431331400&tvid=431331400&cid=31&type==&&identifier=weixinv1 weibo =) ", Xiaosong Qi talk / 2015 Nian 12 Yue 18 days.
Source and interpretation:
[^ 1]: Luo Zhenyu, " [ Who Kidnapped Unity ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XOTE1MzA2NzM2.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=13e92172eb95668981dce033ef38ce463) ", Luo Ji thinking / 113 .
[^ 2]: Gao Xiaosong " [ immensely powerful American union ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDYwNjU1NDky.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=d9efd50b9d05b1e9d0bff4b5e48305c81) ", said Xiao / first quarter / 2012 Nian 10 Yue 11 dates.
[^ 3]: Luo Zhenyu, " [ Community Meaning ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMTc3NjYyNDc4OA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=0b57ee74275bac202cd414a2b84c39f50) ", Luo Ji thinking / 193 .
[^ 4]: Gao Xiaosong " [ Talking about American police system ( under )] (http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkzMzQwNDIw.html?sharekey=8decaead8c6f2de681cb831b521a9e297) ", said Xiao / 2013 Nian 8 Yue 9 date / [ 16:31] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkzNjAyOTEy.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=c71d21685adb060411b4f3b5afb8f7dc3) .
[^ 5]: It stands to reason " [ German workers work five hours a day? Less than elementary school students? ] (https://www.bilibili.com/video/av20125920/) ", B station, 2018 Nian 2 Yue 27 days.
[^ 6]: The truth of studying abroad " [ Italian express has been out of the sky for 3 months and received gratitude for the three links and one arrival ] (https://www.bilibili.com/video/av19561615/) ", B station, 2018 Nian 2 Yue 20 days.
[^ 7]: Dispute over Zhang Jianwei " 19 century to 20 century, 20 immigration's relationship with Japan and the US", "world history" 2011 Nian / first 6 in.
[^ 8]: Hu Shenglu, "American Immigration Law Research in 1924 ", East China Normal University, 2009 .
[^ 12]: Yang Jintao " [The United States issued the " Exclusion Act " , what is the real reason? ] (https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/tLkFIU4uC008dEGYx4WcZw) ", short Records, 2018 Nian 9 Yue 2 days.
[^ 10]: " [In the face of ugly rights, he chose to refuse to cooperate ] (http://www.china50plus.com/ in the face of ugly rights, he chose to refuse to cooperate /) " to the road to knowledge, People have over fifty nets.
[^ 11]: Engels, "the British working class status," 1845 Nian 3 months. For the Chinese translation, see "The Complete Works of Marx and Engels" / Volume 2 , People's Publishing House, 1957 .
[^ 12]: " [Verbotene Liebe | Courage] (http://www.fasena.de/courage/) ".
[^ 13]: "Female Commandments" / Preface.
[^ 14]: Chen Xu Bin " [ how to distinguish between true and false Sinology Sinology ] (https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mwD76Uu4MU609CsJzk7PqQ) ", short Records, 2019 Nian 1 Yue 23 days.
[^ 31]: Chinese Wikipedia.
[^ 32]: Bo Haikun, " [ Household Registration System in Ancient Rome: It is not easy to be a citizen ] (https://m.baidu.com/paw/c/www.360doc.cn/mip/398443481.html) ", " "The Caesars under the stars", Huazhong Normal University Press.
[^ 36]: Cognitive Bible "Confucius' Right and Wrong", 2019 .
[^ 41]: "Song History" / Yue Fei Chuan:
Hanshizhong injustice, Yi Hui scold fact, Hui said: ' Flying sub-cloud and Xian although the book is unknown, the body being to unwarranted. ' Shi Zhong said: ' ' Mo Xuyou ' , why should we serve the world? '
[^ 42]: "Records of the Years Since the Establishment of Yan" / Shaoxing's December of the 11th year; "Three Dynasties and North Alliance Meeting" / Volume 277.
[^ 43]: "Historical Records" / Biography of Laozi Han Fei.
[^ 44]: Xuebin " [" Tiger " and " authorized " : the impeachment of Prince Gong ] (http://history.people.com.cn/n/2014/0702/c372327-25228524.html) " , 2014 Nian On July 2 , People's Network transferred to China Business News.
[^ 45]: Chinese Wikipedia / [I do n’t know ] [https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%9F%A5%E4%B9%8B%E4% B8% 8D% E7% 9F% A5) .
[^ 46]: Ban Gu's "Han" / Huo Guangjin's Biography:
Shang Shuling repeated:
... On the twenty-seventh day since receiving the seal, the messenger levied it at noon. Literary, Dr. Xia Housheng, Guanglu, and Fu Jiashu, the servant, made admonishments and made mistakes. Abuse and obscenity, loss of imperial courtesy, chaotic system. Chen Chang waited a few times to admonish, and did not change it, which benefited the world every day.
(Inaccurate vernacular) Shang Shuling repeated:
... Twenty-seven days since the emperor Liu He was received by the emperor, the messengers were numerous. Literature, Doctor Guanglu Xia Housheng and others, and Shi Zhong Fu Jia have repeatedly been admonished for negligence, and sent people to blame the victory, tied up and jailed. Obsessed with obscenity, lost the courtesy of the emperor, and disrupted the Han Dynasty's system. Yang Chang and others have repeatedly persuaded that they will not change and become more and more serious. I am afraid that it will endanger Ji Ji and the world will be uneasy.
[^ 47]: "Three Kingdoms" / Wei six Dong Yuan Liu Chuan two sixth, Song - Pei Song of the note:
Shang Shulu Zhi said: "The case of Shangshu Taijia is unclear, Yi Yinfangzhi Tong Gong. On the 27th of Changyi Wangli, he committed more than a thousand sins, so Huo Guang scrapped it.
[^ 48]: the Western Han · Qian, "Historical Records" / Emperor of the century.
[^ 49]: Yang Jintao, " [ the emperor, is the number one culprit to disrupt the national financial ] (https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/YETHh-DaW99UA39gHAN3bA) ", short Records, 2019 Nian 2 Yue 15 Ri .
[^ 50]: Gao Xiaosong " [ grilled a steak Europa (c) ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTYxMDMwNjc2.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=cc4b32c15540fc1ca10786975435d3c22) ", said Xiao / second quarter / 2013 Nian 5 Yue 24- Ri /7:47 and so on.
[^ 51]: Gao Xiaosong, " [The United States is Hell, Canada is the paradise Indians ]" (http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rqvudefs.html?key=59e36a5e70e4c4efc6fcbc4db7ea59c1&msrc=3_31_56&aid=1903739700&tvid=xin=903v1&type=27 = 1 & vip_pc = 0 & vip_tpc = 0 & isrd = 1 & p1 = 2_22_700 & social_platform = weibo) 》, intercepted from “ [ Pizza Canada 2 : Aboriginal Chieftain ] (http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rrm4glr8.html?key=59e36a5e70e4c4db4c4ef7 531 741 000 & TVID = 531 741 000 & cid = 31 & identifier The = weixinv1 & ftype = 27 & subtype = 1 & vip_pc = 2 & vip_tpc = 1 & ISRD = 1 & p1 = 2_22_700 & social_platform = Link) ", Xiaosong Qi talk, 2016 Nian 9 Yue 1 Ri period /[11:47](https://m.pingshu365. com / pm / 404685.html) .
[^ 52]: Gao Xiaosong, " [ Take a Scan of Northern Europe: When the Fairy Tales Shines into Reality ] (http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rrm0w0cs.html?key=59e36a5e70e4c4efc6fcbc4db7ea59c1&msrc=3_31_56&aid=521418400&tvid=521418400&cid=31&1==&v4 & vip_pc = 2 & 1 vip_tpc ISRD = 1 = 1 & & & p1 = 2_22_700 social_platform = weibo) ", Xiaosong Qi talk, 2016 Nian 8 Yue 12 Ri /[27:44-33:57](http://m.iqiyi.com/v_19rqxdnxtg.html?key = 59e36a5e70e4c4efc6fcbc4db7ea59c1 & MSRC = 3_31_56 & AID = 1961090200 & TVID = 1961090200 & CID = 31 is & identifier = weixinv1 & FTYPE = 27 & subtype =. 1 & vip_pc = 0 & vip_tpc = 0 & ISRD =. 1 & P1 = 2_22_700 & social_platform = Link) .
[^ 61]: "Caocao Biography"
[^ 62]: "Song History" / Shihuozhi.
[^ 63]: "Yuan Dian Zhang" / Hubu Volume 6 / Dianxi 20. " Regulation of Bankruptcy Law " .
[^ 64]: Gao Xiaosong " [ dark forest of human civilization Aborigines of War ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzA1Mzg4MDg2NA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=dde003c009e7e465850ba762faa381083) ", said Xiao / 2017 Nian 9 Yue 29 days.
[^ 67]: Li Xun and Xue Hong, "The Complete History of the Qing Dynasty" / Volume 7 , Liaoning People's Publishing House / Page 329 .
[^ 68]: Li Lianli, "Silver Empire : Turning Over the Old Account of the Ming Dynasty", Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, May 1 , 2012 / Zhu Yuanzhang prohibits the use of copper and silver.
[^ 69]: "End of Ming Dynasty Chronicle" / Nangong Restoration.
[^ 70]: "Biography of Yu Qian"
[^ 71]: Gao Xiaosong " [ European Red Devils Belgium: beer pee World Cup ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzY3ODUzNjM2MA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=9ae3c09f58373ad5de8ab156f55fc64f3) ", said Xiao, 2018 Nian 6 Yue 22 date / 29: 50 .
[^ 72]: "The Analects" / Yang goods.
[^ 73]: "Tang Yulin" cited "The Remains of the Continued Zhenling".
" Zi Zhi Tong Jian" / Volume 249 / "The Examination of Differences" in the 13th year of Dazhong University cited "The Remains of the Continued Zhenling"
The Yueshou tasted the female music, and there were outstanding people. At the beginning of Yue Yue, for several months, Xilai made a profit. Once Morningside, suddenly not happy, saying: " reign only a Yang Fei, the world is not flat so far, I dare forget? " Naizhao beauty said: " . Thou shalt not be left " around or play " can also put " . The previous said: " Release what I must think of, and give me a cup. "
[^ 74]: Gao Xiaosong, " [ Money Story of Ancient Finance ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzUzNDE3NDc5Ng==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=6a27afaadf5a1d820fc442939675c87d6) ", Xiao said / 14: 18 , 34: 24 . [ Audio ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDAwNzU5MDM5Mg==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=2d97c09a4d59219fadb0e2703a51e4f03) .
" [ Legend of the Central Mother of Ancient Finance ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDAwNzU5MDM4NA==.html?sharekey=b1c7088549e8e62a0bf26b623d75fe3e0) ", Xiao said.
[^ 76]: "Three Kingdoms" / Yi Zhi / Liu Ba's commentary cited "Ling Ling Xian Xian Zhuan".
[^ 77]: Song · Du Fanzhuan "Du Qing public offer set" / Volume 9 .
[^ 78]: "Mandarin" / Zhou Yu / Shan Mu publicizes King Jing's money.
[^ 79]: "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" / Volume 59 / Emperor Xiaoling.
[^ 80]: "Zuo Zhuan" / Xi Gong ten years.
[^ 81]: Gao Xiaosong " [ Argentina Do not cry ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjg1MTg3MDUy.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=8499a97ad5e88691998781e39aa3d74a2) ", said Xiao / second quarter / 49 Qi /2014.03.14 / 12: 55 .
[^ 82]: Gao Xiaosong " [ End of Europe Ireland (5) Down with " Imperialism " ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzM4OTE3Mjc3Ng==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=5870a01003b21b59c6be5c1cca3368969) ", Xiao said / 2018 Nian 2 Yue 9 date / 2:35 .
[^ 83]: Gao Xiaosong, " [ End of Europe Ireland ( 1 ): Good Wine and Good People ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzA5NjM3MDk0MA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=b170d5972887d51c93ca3ebfc79473600) ", Xiao said / 2017 Nian 10 Yue 20 date / 35: 52 .
[^ 84]: "Zou Zhongjie Gong Zuo Shu" / [ Exam ] (https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?chapter=577218&if=en&remap=gb) .
"Emperor's Classics" / 199 .
[^ 85]: " [ The Light of Hope for Bankruptcy Detroit ] (https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDA3OTIwMzY4OA==.html?x&sharefrom=android&sharekey=b5088baf717235e5bb0c7b2edb4779a26) ", The Earth's Pole · Longxing / Second season.
[^ 86]: " [ Adventure couples care for disfigured girls to reveal the status of Indian women ’s survival ] (http://mvqq.com/x/cover/d/d69swez4vsqvkvu/z0024y5iwmz.html?ptag=2_6.8.8.18362_copy) " / Us the companion line / first 10 period (the) 2017 / Year 7 Yue 1 days.
" [ Real shot to rescue Indian child marriage girl, visit" Wrestling! " Dad> Prototype ] (http://mvqq.com/x/cover/s/stx3urx7aw90f2m/b002487wwo7.html?ptag=2_6.8.8.18362_copy) ", / section 10 (Part) 2017 / Year 7 Yue 2 days.
" [79 -year-old Indian lady adopts 1,400 orphans ] (http://mvqq.com/x/cover/w/wpygn5r31hcgfx8/c0024qnhw4b.html?ptag=2_6.8.8.18362_copy)/No . 11 (upper).
" [" Dr. Angel " is desperate to save the Indian baby girl ] (http://mvqq.com/x/cover/n/n7sc5a95rz7xbj9/m0024zd4cav.html?ptag=2_6.8.8.18362_copy) 》/ No. 11 (Next ).
[^ 87]: " [ Cruel Indian feudal system, the power of the rural elders is supreme, watching the bitterness! ] (http://mvqq.com/play/play.html?coverid=&vid=a0823gt4it8&ptag=2_6.9.0.18420_copy) 》, Luxing.
[^ 91]: Liu Xiang's "Shuoyuan" / Zhigong.
[^ 98]: Cognitive Bible " [[ Quran Errors ] (https://www.jianshu.com/p/dbfc7fd22e31) ", 2019 .
[^ 99]: Zhang Zhaozhong's "Military and Military Base Camp" / Season 2 / " [ Luoxing " scorns " India has not yet weighed uniformly Zhang Zhaozhong: Modi is not as good as Qin Shihuang ] (http://www.bilibili.com/video/ av18375176? share_medium = android & share_source = copy_link & bbid = 05A3A022-6CD6-4863-A15F-9CA1913516F523674infoc & ts = 1553857241917) ", the third season / " [ Indian men's events are difficult to achieve , but always have sulfuric acid splashing women's line: Hinduism leads to Indian chaos ] (https : //v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDAwMzAxOTc2NA==.html? x & sharefrom = android & sharekey = 3599fac8b0dcbbf3fb6e29e2056dabe20) 》
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